|
 |
||
 |
| This glossary contains: 19186 medical terms |
 |
Serial nuclear transfer
|
|
Serial nuclear transfer Or recloning. The first step of this technique is a normal nuclear transfer, in which a nucleus is transferred into an enucleated egg, forming an embryo. In the second step, a nucleus from the resulting cloned embryo is transferred into another enucleated egg or an enucleated zygote (a fertilized egg with both male and female pronuclei removed). The second step can be repeated one or more times. This technique allows the nucleus to have two (or more) opportunities to be reprogrammed by egg cytoplasm (one during the original nuclear transfer, and more during subsequent nuclear transfers), thus potentially improving the chance of successful reprogramming of the nucleus.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Recloning
See Serial nuclear transfer.
Nucleus
Plural: nuclei. The compartment of a cell that contains the chromosomes.
Egg
The mature female reproductive cell.
Embryo
The early stages of development before an organism becomes self supporting.
Zygote
A fertilized egg. Or the diploid cell that results from the joining of two haploid gametes (sperm and egg) during sexual reproduction, that will cleave to form an embryo.
Female
The traditional definition of female was "an individual of the sex that bears young" or "that produces ova or eggs". However, things are not so simple today. Female can be defined by physical appearance, by chromosome constitution (see Female chromosome complement), or by gender identification. Female chromosome complement: The large majority of females have a 46, XX chromosome complement (46 chromosomes including two X chromosomes). A minority of females have other chromosome constitutions such as 45,X (45 chromosomes including only one X chromosome) and 47,XXX (47 chromosomes including three X chromosomes).
Pronuclei
See Pronucleus.
Cytoplasm
The living matter within a cell (excluding the nucleus) that is responsible for the function of the cell (for example, protein synthesis).
Reprogramming
Resetting the developmental clock of a nucleus; for example, resetting the developmental state of an adult differentiated cell nucleus so that it can carry out the genetic program of an early embryonic cell nucleus, making all the proteins required for embryonic development. In somatic cell nuclear transfer, components of the recipient egg cytoplasm are thought to play an important role in reprogramming the somatic cell nucleus to carry out the functions of an embryonic nucleus.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Serious adverse drug reaction (SADR)
A serious adverse event (SAE) which is possibly an adverse drug reaction (ADR)
Serious adverse event (SAE)
Any untoward medical occurrence that results in death, is life threatening, requires inpatient hospitalisation or prolongation of existing hospitalisation, results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, or is a congenital anomaly/birth defect. See adverse event (AE)
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Skin prick test
Skin prick tests are used to diagnose allergies. Pricking gently through a drop of allergen extract placed on the surface of the arm may result after 10-15 minutes in the appearance of a small, itchy swelling and a reddening of the skin. This indicates an allergy.
Specific allergy vaccination
Specific allergy vaccination is also called specific immunotherapy, hyposensitisation or allergy shot. It is a vaccination programme that affects the natural course of an allergic disease, not only its symptoms. When the patient is given increasing doses of the allergen to which he or she is allergic, the immune system becomes less sensitive and the patient no longer reacts. Two different types of vaccine exist: a depot (slow-release) preparation and an aqueous solution.
Shots
See specific allergy vaccination.
Steroids
See corticosteroid drugs.
Symptomatic treatment
A treatment with drugs that only affects the symptoms of the disease, not its cause - e.g. antihistamines and corticosteroids.
Serial nuclear transfer
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)
Transfer of the nucleus from a donor somatic cell to an unfertilized egg cell from which the maternal chromosomes have been removed.
Somatic cell
Any cell of a plant or animal other than a reproductive cell or reproductive cell precursor. Latin: soma = body.
Stem cells
Nonspecialized cells that have the capacity to divide indefinitely in culture and to differentiate into more mature cells with specialized functions.
Stochastic
Random or involving a random variable.
Scarlet fever
Named for the bright red rash it produces, scarlet fever is caused by the bacteria responsible for strep throat and is most common in children between 2 and 10. The infection is treated with antibiotics.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Recloning
See Serial nuclear transfer.
Nucleus
Plural: nuclei. The compartment of a cell that contains the chromosomes.
Egg
The mature female reproductive cell.
Embryo
The early stages of development before an organism becomes self supporting.
Zygote
A fertilized egg. Or the diploid cell that results from the joining of two haploid gametes (sperm and egg) during sexual reproduction, that will cleave to form an embryo.
Female
The traditional definition of female was "an individual of the sex that bears young" or "that produces ova or eggs". However, things are not so simple today. Female can be defined by physical appearance, by chromosome constitution (see Female chromosome complement), or by gender identification. Female chromosome complement: The large majority of females have a 46, XX chromosome complement (46 chromosomes including two X chromosomes). A minority of females have other chromosome constitutions such as 45,X (45 chromosomes including only one X chromosome) and 47,XXX (47 chromosomes including three X chromosomes).
Pronuclei
See Pronucleus.
Cytoplasm
The living matter within a cell (excluding the nucleus) that is responsible for the function of the cell (for example, protein synthesis).
Reprogramming
Resetting the developmental clock of a nucleus; for example, resetting the developmental state of an adult differentiated cell nucleus so that it can carry out the genetic program of an early embryonic cell nucleus, making all the proteins required for embryonic development. In somatic cell nuclear transfer, components of the recipient egg cytoplasm are thought to play an important role in reprogramming the somatic cell nucleus to carry out the functions of an embryonic nucleus.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Serious adverse drug reaction (SADR)
A serious adverse event (SAE) which is possibly an adverse drug reaction (ADR)
Serious adverse event (SAE)
Any untoward medical occurrence that results in death, is life threatening, requires inpatient hospitalisation or prolongation of existing hospitalisation, results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, or is a congenital anomaly/birth defect. See adverse event (AE)
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Skin prick test
Skin prick tests are used to diagnose allergies. Pricking gently through a drop of allergen extract placed on the surface of the arm may result after 10-15 minutes in the appearance of a small, itchy swelling and a reddening of the skin. This indicates an allergy.
Specific allergy vaccination
Specific allergy vaccination is also called specific immunotherapy, hyposensitisation or allergy shot. It is a vaccination programme that affects the natural course of an allergic disease, not only its symptoms. When the patient is given increasing doses of the allergen to which he or she is allergic, the immune system becomes less sensitive and the patient no longer reacts. Two different types of vaccine exist: a depot (slow-release) preparation and an aqueous solution.
Shots
See specific allergy vaccination.
Steroids
See corticosteroid drugs.
Symptomatic treatment
A treatment with drugs that only affects the symptoms of the disease, not its cause - e.g. antihistamines and corticosteroids.
Serial nuclear transfer
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)
Transfer of the nucleus from a donor somatic cell to an unfertilized egg cell from which the maternal chromosomes have been removed.
Somatic cell
Any cell of a plant or animal other than a reproductive cell or reproductive cell precursor. Latin: soma = body.
Stem cells
Nonspecialized cells that have the capacity to divide indefinitely in culture and to differentiate into more mature cells with specialized functions.
Stochastic
Random or involving a random variable.
Scarlet fever
Named for the bright red rash it produces, scarlet fever is caused by the bacteria responsible for strep throat and is most common in children between 2 and 10. The infection is treated with antibiotics.
We thank you for using the Medical Glossary to search for Serial nuclear transfer. If you have a better definition for Serial nuclear transfer than the one presented here, please let us know by making use of the suggest a term option. This definition of Serial nuclear transfer may be disputed by other professionals. Our attempt is to provide easy definitions on Serial nuclear transfer and any other medical topic for the public at large.
This dictionary contains 19186 terms.
|
|