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| This glossary contains: 19186 medical terms |
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Myelodysplastic Syndrome
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Myelodysplastic Syndrome A group of neoplasms that originate in a primitive multipotential hematopoietic cell.. About half of the cases are mild to moderate anemias accompanied by mild to moderately reduced white cell and platelet counts. Often, these are not progressive but they have a heightened propensity to evolve into acute myelogenous leukemia. The other half of the cases are a type of low blast count leukemia that may be associated with severe white cell and platelet deficits. Many of the patients affected require transfusion therapy, have a propensity to infection or to bleeding, and frequently progress to more overt leukemia.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Primitive
Undeveloped or in early stages of development, undifferentiated.
Cell
Fundamental structural unit of all life. The cell consists primarily of an outer plasma membrane, which separates it from the environment; the genetic material (DNA), which encodes heritable information for the maintainance of life; and the cytoplasm, a heterogeneous assemblage of ions, molecules, and fluid.
Platelet
Small, irregularly-shaped bodies in the blood that contain granules. These cells are important components of the blood coagulation (clotting) system.
Acute
1. Of short course. 2. Severe, but of a short duration. Not chronic.
Leukemia
Cancer of white blood cells. Acute leukemias are characterized by the presence of "blasts," which are immature white blood cells. Large quantities of blasts generally overgrow the bone marrow, leaving very little space for normal bone marrow cells. This type generally requires immediate treatment. Chronic leukemias are those characterized by a large and uncontrolled growth of more mature white blood cells. These types of leukemias tend not to progress as rapidly, and treatment is often milder than that of acute leukemias.
Blast
Abbreviation for Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, a computer program that identifies homologous genes in different organisms (such as worms, the fruit fly, mice, and humans). Homologous genes are genes in different species that share similar structures and functions.
Infection
Anything that invades the body and reproduces. Infections can be bacteria, protozoa, fungi, or viruses. Bacteria and fungi are one celled creatures that cause many infections including strep throat, bladder infections, and some lung infections. Fungi cause “athlete’s foot” and thrush, an infection in the mouth. Protozoa are small organisms with many cells that can cause infections in the guts or in the lungs. Most healthy people do not get protozoal infections, but people with suppressed immune systems can. Viruses are not really organisms; they are tiny particles that can live only inside another cell. They reproduce by taking over a cell and causing that cell to make more virus particles, rather than doing what the cell is supposed to do. Viruses cause most colds and flu cases.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Myelin
The lipid substance forming a sheath around the axons of certain nerve fibers.
Myelogram
A specific X-ray study that uses an injection of a dye or contrast material into the spinal canal to allow careful evaluation of the spinal canal and nerve roots.
Myeloid leukemia
One form of cancer of the blood-forming tissue, primarily the bone marrow and lymph nodes.
Myeloma
A tumour of plasma cells, generally secreting a single species of immunoglobulin.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Medical alarm
An electronic device used to call for help by pressing a medical alarm panic button, a wrist medical alert watch or medical alert necklace or pendant. A medical alarm system includes both hardware and a monitoring service.
Motor Neurone Disease
Motor Neurone Disease (MND) is a term used to cover a number of illnesses of the motor neurone. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Progressive Muscular Atrophy (PMA), Progressive Bulbar Palsy (PBP) and Progressive Lateral Sclerosis (PLS) are all types of MND. MND is the term used internationally while ALS is often used in the United States (where it is also known as Lou Gehrig's disease) to cover all forms of MND. It was first described by Jean-Martin Charcot, a French neurologist, in 1869.
Metabolic Syndrome (MS)
A combination of health conditions that place a person at high risk for heart disease. These conditions are type 2 diabetes, hypertension (high blood pressure), hyperlipidemia (high levels of fat in the blood), and obesity. According to theory, all of these conditions are associated with high blood insulin levels, and it is claimed that the underlying problem in patients with the Metabolic Syndrome is faulty insulin release from the beta cells of the pancreas. Previously called Syndrome X.
Marfan Syndrome
Disorder of the connective tissue, affecting the heart and blood vessels, skeletal system, eyes, and other parts of the body. The condition is present at birth. Symptoms vary from person to person, ranging from mild to severe. People with Marfan syndrome are often nearsighted (see myopia), and about half have dislocation of one or both lenses of the eye. There is no cure for Marfan syndrome. Treatment depends on which body systems are affected. Early eye examinations can detect vision problems related to the disorder, which can usually be corrected with eyeglasses or contact lenses.
Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Morning after pill
The morning-after pill, also known as emergency contraception or emergency birth control, is a pill regimen that a woman can take up to three days after she has had sexual intercourse to prevent the implantation of a fertilized egg in her uterus. The term morning-after pill is a misnomer that is falling out of use (replaced by emergency contraceptive pills or ECPs) due to the fact that it is effective for up to 120 hours after sex.
Microcomedo
The first stage of comedo formation; a comedo so small that it can be seen only with a microscope.
Marihuana
Also called marijuana, weed, pot, reefer, grass, dope, ganja, mary jane, and hash. It is the drug most often used worldwide. It is a mix of dried, shredded flowers and leaves of the hemp plant (Cannabis sativa). Most users roll loose marijuana into a cigarette (called a "joint"). The drug can also be smoked in a water pipe, called a "bong" Some users mix marijuana into food or use it to brew a tea. Hash users either smoke the drug in a pipe or mix it with tobacco and smoke it as a cigarette.
Marijuana
Also called marihuana, weed, pot, reefer, grass, dope, ganja, mary jane, and hash. It is the drug most often used worldwide. It is a mix of dried, shredded flowers and leaves of the hemp plant (Cannabis sativa). Most users roll loose marijuana into a cigarette (called a "joint"). The drug can also be smoked in a water pipe, called a "bong" Some users mix marijuana into food or use it to brew a tea. Hash users either smoke the drug in a pipe or mix it with tobacco and smoke it as a cigarette.
Methamphetamine
A central nervous system stimulant similar to amphetamine sulfate but more potent. It is a member of the amphetamine class and is preferred by habitual amphetamine users. In intravenous form, it produces an almost instantaneous onset of the drug's effect. Slang names include "meth," "speed," and "crystal."
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Primitive
Undeveloped or in early stages of development, undifferentiated.
Cell
Fundamental structural unit of all life. The cell consists primarily of an outer plasma membrane, which separates it from the environment; the genetic material (DNA), which encodes heritable information for the maintainance of life; and the cytoplasm, a heterogeneous assemblage of ions, molecules, and fluid.
Platelet
Small, irregularly-shaped bodies in the blood that contain granules. These cells are important components of the blood coagulation (clotting) system.
Acute
1. Of short course. 2. Severe, but of a short duration. Not chronic.
Leukemia
Cancer of white blood cells. Acute leukemias are characterized by the presence of "blasts," which are immature white blood cells. Large quantities of blasts generally overgrow the bone marrow, leaving very little space for normal bone marrow cells. This type generally requires immediate treatment. Chronic leukemias are those characterized by a large and uncontrolled growth of more mature white blood cells. These types of leukemias tend not to progress as rapidly, and treatment is often milder than that of acute leukemias.
Blast
Abbreviation for Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, a computer program that identifies homologous genes in different organisms (such as worms, the fruit fly, mice, and humans). Homologous genes are genes in different species that share similar structures and functions.
Infection
Anything that invades the body and reproduces. Infections can be bacteria, protozoa, fungi, or viruses. Bacteria and fungi are one celled creatures that cause many infections including strep throat, bladder infections, and some lung infections. Fungi cause “athlete’s foot” and thrush, an infection in the mouth. Protozoa are small organisms with many cells that can cause infections in the guts or in the lungs. Most healthy people do not get protozoal infections, but people with suppressed immune systems can. Viruses are not really organisms; they are tiny particles that can live only inside another cell. They reproduce by taking over a cell and causing that cell to make more virus particles, rather than doing what the cell is supposed to do. Viruses cause most colds and flu cases.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Myelin
The lipid substance forming a sheath around the axons of certain nerve fibers.
Myelogram
A specific X-ray study that uses an injection of a dye or contrast material into the spinal canal to allow careful evaluation of the spinal canal and nerve roots.
Myeloid leukemia
One form of cancer of the blood-forming tissue, primarily the bone marrow and lymph nodes.
Myeloma
A tumour of plasma cells, generally secreting a single species of immunoglobulin.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Medical alarm
An electronic device used to call for help by pressing a medical alarm panic button, a wrist medical alert watch or medical alert necklace or pendant. A medical alarm system includes both hardware and a monitoring service.
Motor Neurone Disease
Motor Neurone Disease (MND) is a term used to cover a number of illnesses of the motor neurone. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Progressive Muscular Atrophy (PMA), Progressive Bulbar Palsy (PBP) and Progressive Lateral Sclerosis (PLS) are all types of MND. MND is the term used internationally while ALS is often used in the United States (where it is also known as Lou Gehrig's disease) to cover all forms of MND. It was first described by Jean-Martin Charcot, a French neurologist, in 1869.
Metabolic Syndrome (MS)
A combination of health conditions that place a person at high risk for heart disease. These conditions are type 2 diabetes, hypertension (high blood pressure), hyperlipidemia (high levels of fat in the blood), and obesity. According to theory, all of these conditions are associated with high blood insulin levels, and it is claimed that the underlying problem in patients with the Metabolic Syndrome is faulty insulin release from the beta cells of the pancreas. Previously called Syndrome X.
Marfan Syndrome
Disorder of the connective tissue, affecting the heart and blood vessels, skeletal system, eyes, and other parts of the body. The condition is present at birth. Symptoms vary from person to person, ranging from mild to severe. People with Marfan syndrome are often nearsighted (see myopia), and about half have dislocation of one or both lenses of the eye. There is no cure for Marfan syndrome. Treatment depends on which body systems are affected. Early eye examinations can detect vision problems related to the disorder, which can usually be corrected with eyeglasses or contact lenses.
Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Morning after pill
The morning-after pill, also known as emergency contraception or emergency birth control, is a pill regimen that a woman can take up to three days after she has had sexual intercourse to prevent the implantation of a fertilized egg in her uterus. The term morning-after pill is a misnomer that is falling out of use (replaced by emergency contraceptive pills or ECPs) due to the fact that it is effective for up to 120 hours after sex.
Microcomedo
The first stage of comedo formation; a comedo so small that it can be seen only with a microscope.
Marihuana
Also called marijuana, weed, pot, reefer, grass, dope, ganja, mary jane, and hash. It is the drug most often used worldwide. It is a mix of dried, shredded flowers and leaves of the hemp plant (Cannabis sativa). Most users roll loose marijuana into a cigarette (called a "joint"). The drug can also be smoked in a water pipe, called a "bong" Some users mix marijuana into food or use it to brew a tea. Hash users either smoke the drug in a pipe or mix it with tobacco and smoke it as a cigarette.
Marijuana
Also called marihuana, weed, pot, reefer, grass, dope, ganja, mary jane, and hash. It is the drug most often used worldwide. It is a mix of dried, shredded flowers and leaves of the hemp plant (Cannabis sativa). Most users roll loose marijuana into a cigarette (called a "joint"). The drug can also be smoked in a water pipe, called a "bong" Some users mix marijuana into food or use it to brew a tea. Hash users either smoke the drug in a pipe or mix it with tobacco and smoke it as a cigarette.
Methamphetamine
A central nervous system stimulant similar to amphetamine sulfate but more potent. It is a member of the amphetamine class and is preferred by habitual amphetamine users. In intravenous form, it produces an almost instantaneous onset of the drug's effect. Slang names include "meth," "speed," and "crystal."
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This dictionary contains 19186 terms.
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