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| This glossary contains: 19186 medical terms |
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Mononeuropathy
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MononeuropathyA form of diabetic neuropathy affecting a single nerve. The eye is a common site for this form of nerve damage.|See also: Neuropathy.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Diabetic
Pertaining to Diabetes. Patient suffering from this condition.
Neuropathy
A disease of the nervous system. The three major forms in people with diabetes are peripheral neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, and mononeuropathy. The most common form is peripheral neuropathy, which affects mainly the legs and feet.
Nerve
Tissue that conveys sensation, temperature, position information to the brain.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Mono-diet (monophagic diet)
Any regimen characterized by|(a) restriction of food intake to one specific kind of food, or (b) restriction of each meal to one specific kind of food (e.g., porridge alone for breakfast, fruits alone for lunch, and meat alone for dinner).
Monoamine oxidase
MAO. An enzyme that breaks down dopamine. There are two types of MAO "A" and "B." In Parkinson's disease, it is beneficial to block the activity of MAO B.
Monochromat
An individual with only one spectral channel (i.e. retina receptors have the same spectral sensitivity).
Monocid
Monocid is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): cefonicid sodium.
Monoclonal
Literally, coming from a single clone. A clone is the progeny of a single cell. In immunology, monoclonal generally describes a preparation of antibody that is monogenous, or cells of a single specificity.
Monoclonal antibodies
Very pure antibodies produced artificially. Normally used in laboratory tests but have been used experimentally for treatment of some diseases.
Monoclonal antibodies (MAB)
A biological response modifier with unique "homing device" properties. Chemicals or radiation tagged to the MAB may be delivered directly to tumor cells. Or, the MAB itself may be capable of tumor cell destruction.
Monocular depth cues
Relative size, texture gradients, perspective, shadow, height of retina image, interposition, motion parallax.
Monocular vision
A condition in which one eye is blind, or in which one eye refuses to register images in co-ordination with the better eye.
Monocular zone
The areas of the visual field from which light projects only to one of the eyes. See also Binocular Zone.
Monocyte
Large circulating white cell, 2-10% of total white cells, phagocytic, indented nucleus. Migrates to tissues, where it is known as a macrophage.
Monodox
Monodox is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): doxycycline.
Monoket
Monoket is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): isosorbide mononitrate.
Monokines
Soluble substances secreted by monocytes, which have a variety of effects on other cells.
Monomorphism
Having not male and female, but only one sexual form or manifestation in a species as, for example, in those species of lizard that reproduce by parthenogenesis.
Mononucleosis
A viral illness characterized by severe fatigue, swollen glands, sore throat, and fever.
Monoploid
A cell having only one chromosome set (usually as an aberration) or an organism composed of such cells.
Monopril
Monopril is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): fosinopril sodium.
Monopril-hct
Monopril-hct is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): fosinopril sodium; hydrochlorothiazide.
Monoptic stimulation
When only one eye views an image (the other eye being closed or occluded). See also Binoptic Stimulation and Dichoptic Stimulation.
Monosexual
Characterized by either exclusively heterosexual or exclusively homosexual contacts either in genital acts or as a long-term sexuoerotic status.
Monounsaturated Fat
A fat composed mostly of monounsaturated fatty acids.
Monounsaturated fats
Dietary fats, such as olive oil or canola oil, that don't seem to have any affect on blood cholesterol.
Monozygotic twins
Twins derived from one egg and one sperm (often called identical twins).
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Microangiopathy
See: Angiopathy.
Microvascular Disease
Disease of the smallest blood vessels that sometimes occurs when a person has had diabetes for a long time. The walls of the vessels become abnormally thick but weak, and therefore they bleed, leak protein, and slow the flow of blood through the body. Then some cells, for example, the ones in the center of the eye, may not get enough blood and may be damaged.
Mixed Dose
Combining two kinds of insulin in one injection. A mixed dose commonly combines regular insulin, which is fast acting, with a longer acting insulin such as NPH. A mixed dose insulin schedule may be prescribed to provide both short-term and long-term coverage.
Mmol/L (millimols per liter)
The unit of measurement of how much of a substance (such as sugar) is in a specific amount of fluid (such as blood or urine). Most of the world uses mmol/L; however, in the United States, mg/dl is used as the unit of measurement.|(Note: To convert blood sugar to mmol/L from mg/dl, divide by 18.)
MODY diabetes
See Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young.
Mononeuropathy
Morbidity Rate
The sickness rate; the number of people who are sick or have a disease compared with the number who are well.
Mortality Rate
The death rate; the number of people who die of a certain disease compared with the total number of people. Mortality is most often stated as deaths per 1,000, per 10,000, or per 100,000 persons.
Myocardial Infarction
Also called a heart attack; results from permanent damage to an area of the heart muscle. This happens when the blood supply to the area is interrupted because of narrowed or blocked blood vessels.
Myo-inositol
A substance in the cell that is thought to play a role in helping the nerves to work. Low levels of myo-inositol may be involved in diabetic neuropathy.
MARYLAND BRIDGE
Sometimes a situation arises where a missing tooth is abutted by healthy teeth on each side. If an implant (See "Implants") is not being used to restore the missing tooth, then a more conservative, less expensive alternative treatment like the Maryland Bridge can be used. Unlike conventional fixed bridges, the Maryland Bridge does not require the use of crowns or extensive tooth preparation. The bridge is bonded (or attached) directly to the abutment teeth. A Maryland Bridge is not as strong as a conventional bridge or implants and may not last as long before needing replacement. See also "Fixed Bridge."
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Diabetic
Pertaining to Diabetes. Patient suffering from this condition.
Neuropathy
A disease of the nervous system. The three major forms in people with diabetes are peripheral neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, and mononeuropathy. The most common form is peripheral neuropathy, which affects mainly the legs and feet.
Nerve
Tissue that conveys sensation, temperature, position information to the brain.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Mono-diet (monophagic diet)
Any regimen characterized by|(a) restriction of food intake to one specific kind of food, or (b) restriction of each meal to one specific kind of food (e.g., porridge alone for breakfast, fruits alone for lunch, and meat alone for dinner).
Monoamine oxidase
MAO. An enzyme that breaks down dopamine. There are two types of MAO "A" and "B." In Parkinson's disease, it is beneficial to block the activity of MAO B.
Monochromat
An individual with only one spectral channel (i.e. retina receptors have the same spectral sensitivity).
Monocid
Monocid is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): cefonicid sodium.
Monoclonal
Literally, coming from a single clone. A clone is the progeny of a single cell. In immunology, monoclonal generally describes a preparation of antibody that is monogenous, or cells of a single specificity.
Monoclonal antibodies
Very pure antibodies produced artificially. Normally used in laboratory tests but have been used experimentally for treatment of some diseases.
Monoclonal antibodies (MAB)
A biological response modifier with unique "homing device" properties. Chemicals or radiation tagged to the MAB may be delivered directly to tumor cells. Or, the MAB itself may be capable of tumor cell destruction.
Monocular depth cues
Relative size, texture gradients, perspective, shadow, height of retina image, interposition, motion parallax.
Monocular vision
A condition in which one eye is blind, or in which one eye refuses to register images in co-ordination with the better eye.
Monocular zone
The areas of the visual field from which light projects only to one of the eyes. See also Binocular Zone.
Monocyte
Large circulating white cell, 2-10% of total white cells, phagocytic, indented nucleus. Migrates to tissues, where it is known as a macrophage.
Monodox
Monodox is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): doxycycline.
Monoket
Monoket is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): isosorbide mononitrate.
Monokines
Soluble substances secreted by monocytes, which have a variety of effects on other cells.
Monomorphism
Having not male and female, but only one sexual form or manifestation in a species as, for example, in those species of lizard that reproduce by parthenogenesis.
Mononucleosis
A viral illness characterized by severe fatigue, swollen glands, sore throat, and fever.
Monoploid
A cell having only one chromosome set (usually as an aberration) or an organism composed of such cells.
Monopril
Monopril is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): fosinopril sodium.
Monopril-hct
Monopril-hct is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): fosinopril sodium; hydrochlorothiazide.
Monoptic stimulation
When only one eye views an image (the other eye being closed or occluded). See also Binoptic Stimulation and Dichoptic Stimulation.
Monosexual
Characterized by either exclusively heterosexual or exclusively homosexual contacts either in genital acts or as a long-term sexuoerotic status.
Monounsaturated Fat
A fat composed mostly of monounsaturated fatty acids.
Monounsaturated fats
Dietary fats, such as olive oil or canola oil, that don't seem to have any affect on blood cholesterol.
Monozygotic twins
Twins derived from one egg and one sperm (often called identical twins).
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Microangiopathy
See: Angiopathy.
Microvascular Disease
Disease of the smallest blood vessels that sometimes occurs when a person has had diabetes for a long time. The walls of the vessels become abnormally thick but weak, and therefore they bleed, leak protein, and slow the flow of blood through the body. Then some cells, for example, the ones in the center of the eye, may not get enough blood and may be damaged.
Mixed Dose
Combining two kinds of insulin in one injection. A mixed dose commonly combines regular insulin, which is fast acting, with a longer acting insulin such as NPH. A mixed dose insulin schedule may be prescribed to provide both short-term and long-term coverage.
Mmol/L (millimols per liter)
The unit of measurement of how much of a substance (such as sugar) is in a specific amount of fluid (such as blood or urine). Most of the world uses mmol/L; however, in the United States, mg/dl is used as the unit of measurement.|(Note: To convert blood sugar to mmol/L from mg/dl, divide by 18.)
MODY diabetes
See Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young.
Mononeuropathy
Morbidity Rate
The sickness rate; the number of people who are sick or have a disease compared with the number who are well.
Mortality Rate
The death rate; the number of people who die of a certain disease compared with the total number of people. Mortality is most often stated as deaths per 1,000, per 10,000, or per 100,000 persons.
Myocardial Infarction
Also called a heart attack; results from permanent damage to an area of the heart muscle. This happens when the blood supply to the area is interrupted because of narrowed or blocked blood vessels.
Myo-inositol
A substance in the cell that is thought to play a role in helping the nerves to work. Low levels of myo-inositol may be involved in diabetic neuropathy.
MARYLAND BRIDGE
Sometimes a situation arises where a missing tooth is abutted by healthy teeth on each side. If an implant (See "Implants") is not being used to restore the missing tooth, then a more conservative, less expensive alternative treatment like the Maryland Bridge can be used. Unlike conventional fixed bridges, the Maryland Bridge does not require the use of crowns or extensive tooth preparation. The bridge is bonded (or attached) directly to the abutment teeth. A Maryland Bridge is not as strong as a conventional bridge or implants and may not last as long before needing replacement. See also "Fixed Bridge."
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This dictionary contains 19186 terms.
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