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| This glossary contains: 19186 medical terms |
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Hypospadias
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Hypospadias A birth defect in the positioning of the urethral (urinary meatus) opening on the penis in males or into the vagina in females. In mild male hypospadias, the opening is only slightly displaced from the tip of the penis. In severe male hypospadias, the opening is in the female position, at the base of the scrotum, and the penis has an open gutter on its underside, instead of a covered urinary canal. A hypospadiac penis may be normal sized or small. 2. A birth defect in the male in which the urinary opening is on the underside of the shaft of the penis anywhere from the glans (first degree) to the perineum (third degree or penoscrotal hypospadias). A small penis with a severe degree of hypospadias is identical in appearance with an enlarged clitoris below which is a single opening or urogenital sinus leading to both the urethra and the vagina. Artificial hypospadias may occur as a sequel to an injury, as in a circumcision accident, or be self-inflicted.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Penis
The male sex organ, which consists of a head called glans, and the shaft or body. At the tip of the glans is the urethral opening, through which urine and semen leave the body. The shaft or the body of the penis is made of spongy tissue and blood vessels. And it fills with blood an grows in size (becomes erect) during sexual excitement.
Vagina
The tube that forms the passage between the cervix/uterus and the vulva. It receives the penis during sexual intercourse and serves as the delivery passage for birth and for menstrual flow.
Hypospadias
A birth defect in the positioning of the urethral (urinary meatus) opening on the penis in males or into the vagina in females. In mild male hypospadias, the opening is only slightly displaced from the tip of the penis. In severe male hypospadias, the opening is in the female position, at the base of the scrotum, and the penis has an open gutter on its underside, instead of a covered urinary canal. A hypospadiac penis may be normal sized or small. 2. A birth defect in the male in which the urinary opening is on the underside of the shaft of the penis anywhere from the glans (first degree) to the perineum (third degree or penoscrotal hypospadias). A small penis with a severe degree of hypospadias is identical in appearance with an enlarged clitoris below which is a single opening or urogenital sinus leading to both the urethra and the vagina. Artificial hypospadias may occur as a sequel to an injury, as in a circumcision accident, or be self-inflicted.
Female
The traditional definition of female was "an individual of the sex that bears young" or "that produces ova or eggs". However, things are not so simple today. Female can be defined by physical appearance, by chromosome constitution (see Female chromosome complement), or by gender identification. Female chromosome complement: The large majority of females have a 46, XX chromosome complement (46 chromosomes including two X chromosomes). A minority of females have other chromosome constitutions such as 45,X (45 chromosomes including only one X chromosome) and 47,XXX (47 chromosomes including three X chromosomes).
Base
A chemical compound that either donates hydroxide ions or absorbs hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Bases and acids are referred to as opposites because the effect of an acid is to increase the hydronium ion concentration in water, whereas bases reduce this concentration. Arrhenius bases are water-soluble and always have a pH greater than 7 in solution.
Scrotum
The bag or sac that hangs below the penis and houses the testicles or balls.
Perineum
The region between the thighs, bounded by the anus and the scrotum or the vulva in, respectively, males and females. The region between the thighs, bounded by the anus and the scrotum or the vulva.
Clitoris
The small, hooded organ (the clitoral glans) at the top of the cleft of the female vulva, which is the counterpart of the penis in the male [from Greek, kleitoris, clitoris]. Usually only the glans of the clitoris is externally visible. In the human female the body of the clitoris extends internally on either side of the vulva and vestibule. In total the clitoris is about 80 percent the size of the male penis.
Urogenital
Pertaining to both the urinary and genital structures; genitourinary.
Sinus
Paranasal sinuses. Air cavities within the facial bones, lined by mucous membranes similar to those in other parts of the airways.
Urethra
A narrow tube that transports urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. In males, it also conducts sperm and semen to the outside.
Injury
Injury is damage or harm caused to the structure or function of the body caused by an outside agent or force, which may be physical or chemical.
Circumcision
The surgical removal of the sheath of skin (called a foreskin) that covers the head of the penis.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Hypodermic
Beneath the skin.
Hypoglicemia
A condition in which the blood sugar is lower than normal.
Hypoglycemia
Low levels of blood sugar.
Hypoglycemia Unawareness
A situation in which the usual epinephrine-induced symptoms of a fall in blood sugar are, for a variety of reasons, either not felt or not recognized. |This situation may be dangerous, as the patient may go from functioning normally to unconscious within a short time. It is generally thought that if such a patient is allowed to maintain somewhat elevated blood sugar levels for several weeks, that the hypoglycemic unawareness may resolve.
Hypoparathyroidism
Parathyroid hormone insufficiency due to lack of secretion of the parathyroid gland.
Hypophilia
A condition or syndrome, variable in etiology and diagnosis, of being sexuoerotically substandard or deficient, particularly with respect to some aspect of genital functioning at the acceptive phase; impaired or deficient in sexual and genital responsiveness or frequency. The condition of being subnormal in sexual and genital responsiveness or frequency.
Hypophilic
Hypophilic refers to a person being sexuoerotically substandard or deficient.
Hypophosphataemic rickets
X-linked, vitamin D-resistant. May resemble ankylosing spondylitis.
Hypophosphatasia
Rare autosomal recessive cause of rickets. Associated with a lack of alkaline phosphatase.
Hypophysis
Pituitary gland.
Hypopituitarism
A generalized endocrine deficiency condition produced by failure, either partial or complete, of the pituitary gland to secrete its proper hormones. Failure after surgery for a pituitary tumor is usually complete. Idiopathic failure may be either complete or partial. In some instances, partial failure may involve chiefly the secretion of pituitary gonadotropins, the hormones that stimulate the ovaries or the testes to produce their own hormones.
Hypoplasia
Underdevelopment of a tissue or organ usually due to a decrease in the number of cells.
Hyposensitisation
See specific allergy vaccination.
Hyposensitization
To treat with frequent, small injections of an antigen to decrease the symptoms of an allergy to that antigen. Also called desensitization.
Hypotension
Subnormal arterial blood pressure.
Hypothalamus
The portion of the brain's limbic system that integrates incoming information, and either increases or decreases the release of certain hormones that instruct the pituitary gland to release hormones.
Hypothermia
Low body temperature.
Hypothyroidism
Deficiency of thyroid hormone; the opposite of hyperthyroidism. The thyroid gland is in the throat, near the larynx or Adam's apple.
Hypotonia
Abnormally decreased tonicity, tension or strength; ocular hypotony refers to low intraocular pressure.
Hypotonicity
Diminished muscle tone; limp muscles.
Hypovolemia
A decreased amount of blood in the body.
Hypoxemia
Subnormal oxygenation of arterial blood, short of anoxia.
Hypoxia
Abnormal oxygen content in the organs and tissues of the body.
Hypoxyphilia
Asphyxiophilia [from Latin, hypoxia, oxygen deprivation + -philia].
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Hyperphilia
A condition or syndrome, variable in etiology and diagnosis, of being sexuoerotically above standard or inordinate, particularly with respect to some aspect of genital functioning prior to and at the acceptive phase. The condition of being supranormal in sexual and genital responsiveness or frequency.
Hyphephilia
One of a group of paraphilias of the fetishistic/talismanic type in which the sexuoerotic stimulus is associated with the touching, rubbing, or the feel of skin, hair, leather, fur, and fabric, especially if worn in proximity to erotically significant parts of the body [from Greek, hyphe, web + -philia].
Hypertrophy
Over-development in size of an organ or of its constituent cells.
Hypophilia
A condition or syndrome, variable in etiology and diagnosis, of being sexuoerotically substandard or deficient, particularly with respect to some aspect of genital functioning at the acceptive phase; impaired or deficient in sexual and genital responsiveness or frequency. The condition of being subnormal in sexual and genital responsiveness or frequency.
Hypopituitarism
A generalized endocrine deficiency condition produced by failure, either partial or complete, of the pituitary gland to secrete its proper hormones. Failure after surgery for a pituitary tumor is usually complete. Idiopathic failure may be either complete or partial. In some instances, partial failure may involve chiefly the secretion of pituitary gonadotropins, the hormones that stimulate the ovaries or the testes to produce their own hormones.
Hypospadias
Hyperspadias
A congenital malformation or misplacement of the urethra as in hypospadias except that the position of the opening is on the upper or superior/dorsal surface of the penis.
Hypothyroidism
Deficiency of thyroid hormone; the opposite of hyperthyroidism. The thyroid gland is in the throat, near the larynx or Adam's apple.
Hypoxyphilia
Asphyxiophilia [from Latin, hypoxia, oxygen deprivation + -philia].
Hysterectomy
Surgical removal of the uterus or womb [from Greek, hystera, womb + ektome, excision].
Homicidophilia
The very rare condition in which a person is dependent on sadistic homicide of the partner, or the restaging of it in fantasy, in order to obtain erotic arousal and facilitate or achieve orgasm. Recorded cases are either heterosexual or homosexual, but not bisexual. The converse condition is the masochistic staging of one's own murder (autoassassinatophilia).
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Penis
The male sex organ, which consists of a head called glans, and the shaft or body. At the tip of the glans is the urethral opening, through which urine and semen leave the body. The shaft or the body of the penis is made of spongy tissue and blood vessels. And it fills with blood an grows in size (becomes erect) during sexual excitement.
Vagina
The tube that forms the passage between the cervix/uterus and the vulva. It receives the penis during sexual intercourse and serves as the delivery passage for birth and for menstrual flow.
Hypospadias
A birth defect in the positioning of the urethral (urinary meatus) opening on the penis in males or into the vagina in females. In mild male hypospadias, the opening is only slightly displaced from the tip of the penis. In severe male hypospadias, the opening is in the female position, at the base of the scrotum, and the penis has an open gutter on its underside, instead of a covered urinary canal. A hypospadiac penis may be normal sized or small. 2. A birth defect in the male in which the urinary opening is on the underside of the shaft of the penis anywhere from the glans (first degree) to the perineum (third degree or penoscrotal hypospadias). A small penis with a severe degree of hypospadias is identical in appearance with an enlarged clitoris below which is a single opening or urogenital sinus leading to both the urethra and the vagina. Artificial hypospadias may occur as a sequel to an injury, as in a circumcision accident, or be self-inflicted.
Female
The traditional definition of female was "an individual of the sex that bears young" or "that produces ova or eggs". However, things are not so simple today. Female can be defined by physical appearance, by chromosome constitution (see Female chromosome complement), or by gender identification. Female chromosome complement: The large majority of females have a 46, XX chromosome complement (46 chromosomes including two X chromosomes). A minority of females have other chromosome constitutions such as 45,X (45 chromosomes including only one X chromosome) and 47,XXX (47 chromosomes including three X chromosomes).
Base
A chemical compound that either donates hydroxide ions or absorbs hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Bases and acids are referred to as opposites because the effect of an acid is to increase the hydronium ion concentration in water, whereas bases reduce this concentration. Arrhenius bases are water-soluble and always have a pH greater than 7 in solution.
Scrotum
The bag or sac that hangs below the penis and houses the testicles or balls.
Perineum
The region between the thighs, bounded by the anus and the scrotum or the vulva in, respectively, males and females. The region between the thighs, bounded by the anus and the scrotum or the vulva.
Clitoris
The small, hooded organ (the clitoral glans) at the top of the cleft of the female vulva, which is the counterpart of the penis in the male [from Greek, kleitoris, clitoris]. Usually only the glans of the clitoris is externally visible. In the human female the body of the clitoris extends internally on either side of the vulva and vestibule. In total the clitoris is about 80 percent the size of the male penis.
Urogenital
Pertaining to both the urinary and genital structures; genitourinary.
Sinus
Paranasal sinuses. Air cavities within the facial bones, lined by mucous membranes similar to those in other parts of the airways.
Urethra
A narrow tube that transports urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. In males, it also conducts sperm and semen to the outside.
Injury
Injury is damage or harm caused to the structure or function of the body caused by an outside agent or force, which may be physical or chemical.
Circumcision
The surgical removal of the sheath of skin (called a foreskin) that covers the head of the penis.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Hypodermic
Beneath the skin.
Hypoglicemia
A condition in which the blood sugar is lower than normal.
Hypoglycemia
Low levels of blood sugar.
Hypoglycemia Unawareness
A situation in which the usual epinephrine-induced symptoms of a fall in blood sugar are, for a variety of reasons, either not felt or not recognized. |This situation may be dangerous, as the patient may go from functioning normally to unconscious within a short time. It is generally thought that if such a patient is allowed to maintain somewhat elevated blood sugar levels for several weeks, that the hypoglycemic unawareness may resolve.
Hypoparathyroidism
Parathyroid hormone insufficiency due to lack of secretion of the parathyroid gland.
Hypophilia
A condition or syndrome, variable in etiology and diagnosis, of being sexuoerotically substandard or deficient, particularly with respect to some aspect of genital functioning at the acceptive phase; impaired or deficient in sexual and genital responsiveness or frequency. The condition of being subnormal in sexual and genital responsiveness or frequency.
Hypophilic
Hypophilic refers to a person being sexuoerotically substandard or deficient.
Hypophosphataemic rickets
X-linked, vitamin D-resistant. May resemble ankylosing spondylitis.
Hypophosphatasia
Rare autosomal recessive cause of rickets. Associated with a lack of alkaline phosphatase.
Hypophysis
Pituitary gland.
Hypopituitarism
A generalized endocrine deficiency condition produced by failure, either partial or complete, of the pituitary gland to secrete its proper hormones. Failure after surgery for a pituitary tumor is usually complete. Idiopathic failure may be either complete or partial. In some instances, partial failure may involve chiefly the secretion of pituitary gonadotropins, the hormones that stimulate the ovaries or the testes to produce their own hormones.
Hypoplasia
Underdevelopment of a tissue or organ usually due to a decrease in the number of cells.
Hyposensitisation
See specific allergy vaccination.
Hyposensitization
To treat with frequent, small injections of an antigen to decrease the symptoms of an allergy to that antigen. Also called desensitization.
Hypotension
Subnormal arterial blood pressure.
Hypothalamus
The portion of the brain's limbic system that integrates incoming information, and either increases or decreases the release of certain hormones that instruct the pituitary gland to release hormones.
Hypothermia
Low body temperature.
Hypothyroidism
Deficiency of thyroid hormone; the opposite of hyperthyroidism. The thyroid gland is in the throat, near the larynx or Adam's apple.
Hypotonia
Abnormally decreased tonicity, tension or strength; ocular hypotony refers to low intraocular pressure.
Hypotonicity
Diminished muscle tone; limp muscles.
Hypovolemia
A decreased amount of blood in the body.
Hypoxemia
Subnormal oxygenation of arterial blood, short of anoxia.
Hypoxia
Abnormal oxygen content in the organs and tissues of the body.
Hypoxyphilia
Asphyxiophilia [from Latin, hypoxia, oxygen deprivation + -philia].
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Hyperphilia
A condition or syndrome, variable in etiology and diagnosis, of being sexuoerotically above standard or inordinate, particularly with respect to some aspect of genital functioning prior to and at the acceptive phase. The condition of being supranormal in sexual and genital responsiveness or frequency.
Hyphephilia
One of a group of paraphilias of the fetishistic/talismanic type in which the sexuoerotic stimulus is associated with the touching, rubbing, or the feel of skin, hair, leather, fur, and fabric, especially if worn in proximity to erotically significant parts of the body [from Greek, hyphe, web + -philia].
Hypertrophy
Over-development in size of an organ or of its constituent cells.
Hypophilia
A condition or syndrome, variable in etiology and diagnosis, of being sexuoerotically substandard or deficient, particularly with respect to some aspect of genital functioning at the acceptive phase; impaired or deficient in sexual and genital responsiveness or frequency. The condition of being subnormal in sexual and genital responsiveness or frequency.
Hypopituitarism
A generalized endocrine deficiency condition produced by failure, either partial or complete, of the pituitary gland to secrete its proper hormones. Failure after surgery for a pituitary tumor is usually complete. Idiopathic failure may be either complete or partial. In some instances, partial failure may involve chiefly the secretion of pituitary gonadotropins, the hormones that stimulate the ovaries or the testes to produce their own hormones.
Hypospadias
Hyperspadias
A congenital malformation or misplacement of the urethra as in hypospadias except that the position of the opening is on the upper or superior/dorsal surface of the penis.
Hypothyroidism
Deficiency of thyroid hormone; the opposite of hyperthyroidism. The thyroid gland is in the throat, near the larynx or Adam's apple.
Hypoxyphilia
Asphyxiophilia [from Latin, hypoxia, oxygen deprivation + -philia].
Hysterectomy
Surgical removal of the uterus or womb [from Greek, hystera, womb + ektome, excision].
Homicidophilia
The very rare condition in which a person is dependent on sadistic homicide of the partner, or the restaging of it in fantasy, in order to obtain erotic arousal and facilitate or achieve orgasm. Recorded cases are either heterosexual or homosexual, but not bisexual. The converse condition is the masochistic staging of one's own murder (autoassassinatophilia).
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This dictionary contains 19186 terms.
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