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Eukaryotic
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Eukaryotic The living world is divided into two classes of organism. Eukaryotic and, much simpler, prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria. Generally eukaryotes are diploid and their cells have internal organelles, such as nuclei. Prokaryotes are haploid with much simpler cells.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Organism
A living thing, such as an animal, a plant, a bacterium, or a fungus.
Eukaryotic
The living world is divided into two classes of organism. Eukaryotic and, much simpler, prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria. Generally eukaryotes are diploid and their cells have internal organelles, such as nuclei. Prokaryotes are haploid with much simpler cells.
Bacteria
Single-celled microorganisms which can exist either as independent (free-living) organisms or as parasites (dependent upon another organism for life).
Diploid
Refers to a cell having two sets of chromosomes (in humans, 46 chromosomes). In contrast, a haploid cell, such as a gamete, has only one set of chromosomes (23 in humans).
Nuclei
See nucleus.
Haploid
A single set of chromosomes (half the full set of genetic material), present in the egg and sperm cells of animals and in the egg and pollen cells of plants. Human beings have 23 chromosomes in their reproductive cells.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Eukaryote
An organism that consists of one or more cells each of which has a nucleus and other well-developed intracellular compartments. Eukaryotes include all organisms except bacteria, viruses, and certain (blue-green) algae which, by contrast, are prokaryotes.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Epithelium
A thin layer of cells that covers the internal and external surfaces of the body, including body cavities, ducts and vessels.
Erythrocyte
An erythrocyte is more commonly known as a red blood cell, which is the most numerous type of blood cell. Erythrocytes contain the red pigment hemoglobin and are responsible for oxygen transport. In humans, the number of erythrocytes in the blood varies between 4.5 and 5.5 million per cubic millimeter. They survive for about four months and are then destroyed in the spleen and liver.
Ejaculation
Ejaculation is the process of ejecting semen from the penis, and is usually accompanied by orgasm as a result of sexual stimulation. It may also occur spontaneously during sleep (called a nocturnal emission), due to stimulating of the prostate or, rarely, due to prostatic disease.
Eukaryotic
Enzyme
A cellular protein whose shape allows it to hold together several other molecules in close proximity to each other. In this way, enzymes are able to induce chemical reactions in other substances with little expenditure of energy and without being changed themselves. Basically, an enzyme acts as a catalyst.
Eicosanoid
A hormone derived from a polyunsaturated fat. Eicosanoids are made by every cell in the body. As autocrine hormones, they are constantly produced by the cell to sample the external environment. "Good" eicosanoids generate AMP.
Endocrine hormones
Hormones that are secreted from a discrete gland and then travel through the bloodstream to target tissues.
Endocrinology
The study of hormones. A more inclusive definition would be the study of biological communications.
Endocytosis
The process by which extracellular molecules (including hormones) enter a cell.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Organism
A living thing, such as an animal, a plant, a bacterium, or a fungus.
Eukaryotic
The living world is divided into two classes of organism. Eukaryotic and, much simpler, prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria. Generally eukaryotes are diploid and their cells have internal organelles, such as nuclei. Prokaryotes are haploid with much simpler cells.
Bacteria
Single-celled microorganisms which can exist either as independent (free-living) organisms or as parasites (dependent upon another organism for life).
Diploid
Refers to a cell having two sets of chromosomes (in humans, 46 chromosomes). In contrast, a haploid cell, such as a gamete, has only one set of chromosomes (23 in humans).
Nuclei
See nucleus.
Haploid
A single set of chromosomes (half the full set of genetic material), present in the egg and sperm cells of animals and in the egg and pollen cells of plants. Human beings have 23 chromosomes in their reproductive cells.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Eukaryote
An organism that consists of one or more cells each of which has a nucleus and other well-developed intracellular compartments. Eukaryotes include all organisms except bacteria, viruses, and certain (blue-green) algae which, by contrast, are prokaryotes.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Epithelium
A thin layer of cells that covers the internal and external surfaces of the body, including body cavities, ducts and vessels.
Erythrocyte
An erythrocyte is more commonly known as a red blood cell, which is the most numerous type of blood cell. Erythrocytes contain the red pigment hemoglobin and are responsible for oxygen transport. In humans, the number of erythrocytes in the blood varies between 4.5 and 5.5 million per cubic millimeter. They survive for about four months and are then destroyed in the spleen and liver.
Ejaculation
Ejaculation is the process of ejecting semen from the penis, and is usually accompanied by orgasm as a result of sexual stimulation. It may also occur spontaneously during sleep (called a nocturnal emission), due to stimulating of the prostate or, rarely, due to prostatic disease.
Eukaryotic
Enzyme
A cellular protein whose shape allows it to hold together several other molecules in close proximity to each other. In this way, enzymes are able to induce chemical reactions in other substances with little expenditure of energy and without being changed themselves. Basically, an enzyme acts as a catalyst.
Eicosanoid
A hormone derived from a polyunsaturated fat. Eicosanoids are made by every cell in the body. As autocrine hormones, they are constantly produced by the cell to sample the external environment. "Good" eicosanoids generate AMP.
Endocrine hormones
Hormones that are secreted from a discrete gland and then travel through the bloodstream to target tissues.
Endocrinology
The study of hormones. A more inclusive definition would be the study of biological communications.
Endocytosis
The process by which extracellular molecules (including hormones) enter a cell.
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This dictionary contains 19186 terms.
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