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Diploid
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Diploid Refers to a cell having two sets of chromosomes (in humans, 46 chromosomes). In contrast, a haploid cell, such as a gamete, has only one set of chromosomes (23 in humans).
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Cell
Fundamental structural unit of all life. The cell consists primarily of an outer plasma membrane, which separates it from the environment; the genetic material (DNA), which encodes heritable information for the maintainance of life; and the cytoplasm, a heterogeneous assemblage of ions, molecules, and fluid.
Chromosomes
Filaments of genetic material in every cell nucleus that are made up of genes and that transmit genetic information from one generation of cells to the next.
Contrast
"Short for ""contrast media."" Contrast media are X-ray dyes used to provide contrast, for example, between blood vessels and other tissue."
Haploid
A single set of chromosomes (half the full set of genetic material), present in the egg and sperm cells of animals and in the egg and pollen cells of plants. Human beings have 23 chromosomes in their reproductive cells.
Gamete
Sperm and eggs. These cells have the special property of carrying only one copy of each gene instead the two copies that most other cells carry. These cells contribute to the next generation and are also called “germ line” cells.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Diploe
The soft spongy material between the inside table and outside table (the interior and exterior bony plates) of the skull. The diploe contains bone marrow.
Diplopia
Diplopia is a visual disorder that results in double vision, such that when the viewer looks at an object it seems as if there are two objects. It can arise when the eye muscles are not functioning as intended, and the eyes are not correctly aligned while focusing on an object. This binocular diplopia disappears when one eye is closed.
Diplopia, binocular
Double vision (diplopia) that is only evident when looking through both eyes and disappears if one eye is closed or covered. The condition is caused by misalignment of the eyes by the extraocular muscles (the muscles around the eyeball that control gaze). This may be due to strabismus (misalignment of the eyes from birth), neurologic damage to the extraocular muscles (as from a brain abscess, stroke, head trauma or brain tumor), diabetes, myasthenia gravis, Graves disease, or trauma to the eye muscles, as from a fracture of the orbit.
Diplopia, monocular
Double vision (diplopia) in only one eye. The double vision persists when the other eye is covered. Monocular diplopia can be caused by astigmatism (abnormal curvature of the front of the cornea), keratoconus (cone-shaped cornea), pterygium (thickening of the conjunctiva over the cornea), a cataract, dislocation of the lens, a mass in the eyelid pressing on the front of the eye, xerophthalmia (dry eye), and certain retinal problems. Treatment depends upon the specific cause.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Dysrhythmia
An abnormal heart rhythm.
Donor insemination
Or Artificial insemination (AI. Deposition of sperm from a male donor inside a female reproductive tract for the purpose of achieving pregnancy.
Differentiated
Having developed into a specialized cell or tissue type .
Differentiation
The process whereby an unspecialized early embryonic cell or stem cell acquires the features of a specialized cell, such as a heart, liver, or muscle cell.
Diploid
DNA methylation
A biochemical process involving the addition of chemical tags called methyl groups (-CH3) to DNA. Methylation can be a signal for a gene or a section of a chromosome to turn off gene expression and become inactive or "silent".
Deficiency diseases
Any disorder caused by a lack of essential nutrients.
Delivery room
A room in a hospital equipped for childbirth.
DES
A synthetic form of estrogen once given to women to prevent miscarriage. Discovered in the late 1960s to have serious side effects, including cancer, infertility, and miscarriage.
Developmental milestones
Major and minor social, emotional, physical, and cognitive skills acquiredby children as they grow up.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Cell
Fundamental structural unit of all life. The cell consists primarily of an outer plasma membrane, which separates it from the environment; the genetic material (DNA), which encodes heritable information for the maintainance of life; and the cytoplasm, a heterogeneous assemblage of ions, molecules, and fluid.
Chromosomes
Filaments of genetic material in every cell nucleus that are made up of genes and that transmit genetic information from one generation of cells to the next.
Contrast
"Short for ""contrast media."" Contrast media are X-ray dyes used to provide contrast, for example, between blood vessels and other tissue."
Haploid
A single set of chromosomes (half the full set of genetic material), present in the egg and sperm cells of animals and in the egg and pollen cells of plants. Human beings have 23 chromosomes in their reproductive cells.
Gamete
Sperm and eggs. These cells have the special property of carrying only one copy of each gene instead the two copies that most other cells carry. These cells contribute to the next generation and are also called “germ line” cells.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Diploe
The soft spongy material between the inside table and outside table (the interior and exterior bony plates) of the skull. The diploe contains bone marrow.
Diplopia
Diplopia is a visual disorder that results in double vision, such that when the viewer looks at an object it seems as if there are two objects. It can arise when the eye muscles are not functioning as intended, and the eyes are not correctly aligned while focusing on an object. This binocular diplopia disappears when one eye is closed.
Diplopia, binocular
Double vision (diplopia) that is only evident when looking through both eyes and disappears if one eye is closed or covered. The condition is caused by misalignment of the eyes by the extraocular muscles (the muscles around the eyeball that control gaze). This may be due to strabismus (misalignment of the eyes from birth), neurologic damage to the extraocular muscles (as from a brain abscess, stroke, head trauma or brain tumor), diabetes, myasthenia gravis, Graves disease, or trauma to the eye muscles, as from a fracture of the orbit.
Diplopia, monocular
Double vision (diplopia) in only one eye. The double vision persists when the other eye is covered. Monocular diplopia can be caused by astigmatism (abnormal curvature of the front of the cornea), keratoconus (cone-shaped cornea), pterygium (thickening of the conjunctiva over the cornea), a cataract, dislocation of the lens, a mass in the eyelid pressing on the front of the eye, xerophthalmia (dry eye), and certain retinal problems. Treatment depends upon the specific cause.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Dysrhythmia
An abnormal heart rhythm.
Donor insemination
Or Artificial insemination (AI. Deposition of sperm from a male donor inside a female reproductive tract for the purpose of achieving pregnancy.
Differentiated
Having developed into a specialized cell or tissue type .
Differentiation
The process whereby an unspecialized early embryonic cell or stem cell acquires the features of a specialized cell, such as a heart, liver, or muscle cell.
Diploid
DNA methylation
A biochemical process involving the addition of chemical tags called methyl groups (-CH3) to DNA. Methylation can be a signal for a gene or a section of a chromosome to turn off gene expression and become inactive or "silent".
Deficiency diseases
Any disorder caused by a lack of essential nutrients.
Delivery room
A room in a hospital equipped for childbirth.
DES
A synthetic form of estrogen once given to women to prevent miscarriage. Discovered in the late 1960s to have serious side effects, including cancer, infertility, and miscarriage.
Developmental milestones
Major and minor social, emotional, physical, and cognitive skills acquiredby children as they grow up.
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This dictionary contains 19186 terms.
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