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| This glossary contains: 19186 medical terms |
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Cryostat
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CryostatA chamber that can maintain very low temperatures. Medical laboratories use a cryostat to preserve frozen tissue samples while a microtome, an extremely sharp cutting instrument mounted inside cryostats, slices the tissue into pieces thin enough to be observed under a microscope. The sliced piece must be so thin as to look nearly transparent. A pathologist, a laboratory doctor trained to identify evidence of disease in microscopic structures, then examines the slice to confirm or rule out the presence of a disease, such as cancer. Use of frozen tissue samples enables physicians to examine tissue and diagnose its condition more quickly than if the tissue had been preserved without freezing.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Medical
Pertaining to Medicine.
Cryostat
A chamber that can maintain very low temperatures. Medical laboratories use a cryostat to preserve frozen tissue samples while a microtome, an extremely sharp cutting instrument mounted inside cryostats, slices the tissue into pieces thin enough to be observed under a microscope. The sliced piece must be so thin as to look nearly transparent. A pathologist, a laboratory doctor trained to identify evidence of disease in microscopic structures, then examines the slice to confirm or rule out the presence of a disease, such as cancer. Use of frozen tissue samples enables physicians to examine tissue and diagnose its condition more quickly than if the tissue had been preserved without freezing.
Tissue
Biological tissue is a group of cells that perform a similar function.The study of tissues is known as histology, or, in connection with disease, histopathology.The classical tools for studying the tissues are the wax block, the tissue stain, and the optical microscope, though developments in electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and frozen sections have all added to the sum of knowledge in the last couple of decades.
Microscope
A microscope (Greek: micron = small and scopos = aim) is an instrument for viewing objects that are too small to be seen by the naked or unaided eye. The science of investigating small objects using such an instrument is called microscopy, and the term microscopic means minute or very small, not easily visible with the unaided eye. In other words, requiring a microscope to examine.
Pathologist
A physician trained in the nature, cause, process and effects of disease; examines samples of tissue removed during surgery to determine an exact diagnosis.
Doctor
1. One whose occupation is to treat diseases, particularly a physician, dentist, or veterinarian with an appropriate license. 2. A teacher (particularly at a college or university), a scholar, or one who holds a postgraduate degree (especially a Ph.D. degree). 3. A shaman.
Disease
Illness or sickness often characterized by typical patient problems (symptoms) and physical findings (signs). Disruption sequence: The events that occur when a fetus that is developing normally is subjected to a destructive agent such as the rubella (German measles) virus.
Cancer
Any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream.
Diagnose
To identify a disease.
Condition
The term "condition" has a number of biomedical meanings including the following: 1.An unhealthy state, such as in "this is a progressive condition." 2.A state of fitness, such as "getting into condition." 3.Something that is essential to the occurrence of something else; essentially a "precondition." 4.As a verb: to cause a change in something so that a response that was previously associated with a certain stimulus becomes associated with another stimulus; to condition a person, as in behavioral conditioning.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Cryo-electron microscopy
An electron microscopic technique that involves freezing the biological sample in order to view the sample with the least possible distortion and the fewest possible artifacts. Abbreviated as cryo-EM.
Cryo-EM
Cryo-electron microscopy.
Cryocardioplegia
Paralysis of the heart by cold (hypothermia).
Cryoglobuliaemia
Phenomenon of precipitation of immunoglobulins in serum on exposure to cold. Associated with vasculitis and Raynaud's phenomenon.
Cryoglobulin
"An abnormal blood protein that has the unusual properties of precipitating from the blood serum when it is chilled (hence the ""cryo-"") and redissolving when it is rewarmed. Cryoglobulins are gamma globulins with a molecular weight of approximately 200,000. "
Cryoglobulinemia
The presence in blood of abnormal proteins called cryoglobulins that, by definition, have the unusual properties of precipitating from the blood serum when it is chilled and redissolving upon rewarming. (Cryoglobulins are gamma globulins with a molecular weight of approximately 200,000.)
Cryophobia
An abnormal and persistent fear of cold, including cold weather and cold objects. Sufferers from cryophobia experience anxiety even though they realize their fear is irrational. To avoid cold, they may live in a warm climate, dress more warmly than necessary, stay indoors on cold days, and avoid cold foods and ice cubes.
Cryopreservation
To preserve by freezing. Bone marrow harvested for an autologous BMT, for example, is cryopreserved.
Cryoprobe
A surgical probe, a long slender pointed surgical instrument, used to apply extreme cold to tissues.
Cryoprostatectomy
Freezing of the prostate through the use of liquid nitrogen probes guided by transrectal ultrasound of the prostate.
Cryoprotectant
A chemical component of a freezing solution used in cryopreservation (the process of cooling and storing cells, tissues, or organs at very low temperatures to maintain viability). The purpose of the cryoprotectant is to help protect what is being frozen from freeze damage.
Cryosurgery
The use of extreme cold (usually liquid nitrogen) to destroy unwanted tissue (warts or cataracts or skin cancers).
Cryothalamotomy
A surgical procedure in which a supercooled probe is inserted into a part of the brain called the thalamus in order to stop tremors.
Cryotherapy
Technique using liquid nitrogen, for example, to freeze warts and precancerous lesions.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Cryoglobulin
"An abnormal blood protein that has the unusual properties of precipitating from the blood serum when it is chilled (hence the ""cryo-"") and redissolving when it is rewarmed. Cryoglobulins are gamma globulins with a molecular weight of approximately 200,000. "
Cryoglobulinemia
The presence in blood of abnormal proteins called cryoglobulins that, by definition, have the unusual properties of precipitating from the blood serum when it is chilled and redissolving upon rewarming. (Cryoglobulins are gamma globulins with a molecular weight of approximately 200,000.)
Cryophobia
An abnormal and persistent fear of cold, including cold weather and cold objects. Sufferers from cryophobia experience anxiety even though they realize their fear is irrational. To avoid cold, they may live in a warm climate, dress more warmly than necessary, stay indoors on cold days, and avoid cold foods and ice cubes.
Cryoprobe
A surgical probe, a long slender pointed surgical instrument, used to apply extreme cold to tissues.
Cryoprotectant
A chemical component of a freezing solution used in cryopreservation (the process of cooling and storing cells, tissues, or organs at very low temperatures to maintain viability). The purpose of the cryoprotectant is to help protect what is being frozen from freeze damage.
Cryostat
Crypt
In anatomy, a crypt is variously a blind alley, a tube with no exit, a depression, or a pit -- in an otherwise fairly flat surface.
Cryptic
Hidden. Cryptic tonsillitis is hidden within the depths of the tonsil.
Crypto
Popular name for both the parasite, Cryptosporidium parvum, and the disease it causes, cryptosporidiosis.
Cryptography
"The encoding and decoding of secret messages. Cryptography in genetics: The term ""cryptography"" can be applied to human DNA since the message of life is encoded in DNA. And for eons even the existence of DNA was unknown and the information therein an unfathomed mystery. The decoding of DNA in the human genome project is essentially an exercise in cryptography, the greatest piece of cryptography ever undertaken in human history. However, this cryptographic project is incomplete since, although the sequence of most of the DNA has been determined, we are still far from understanding all of the many messages encoded within it. "
Cryptorchidism
Failure of descent of one or both of the testes into the scrotum. The testes first develop within the abdomen before birth and then normally descend into the scrotum. Cryptorchidism is also called undescended testes. Males with cryptorchidism that is not surgically corrected in early childhood are at increased risk for developing testicular cancer.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Medical
Pertaining to Medicine.
Cryostat
A chamber that can maintain very low temperatures. Medical laboratories use a cryostat to preserve frozen tissue samples while a microtome, an extremely sharp cutting instrument mounted inside cryostats, slices the tissue into pieces thin enough to be observed under a microscope. The sliced piece must be so thin as to look nearly transparent. A pathologist, a laboratory doctor trained to identify evidence of disease in microscopic structures, then examines the slice to confirm or rule out the presence of a disease, such as cancer. Use of frozen tissue samples enables physicians to examine tissue and diagnose its condition more quickly than if the tissue had been preserved without freezing.
Tissue
Biological tissue is a group of cells that perform a similar function.The study of tissues is known as histology, or, in connection with disease, histopathology.The classical tools for studying the tissues are the wax block, the tissue stain, and the optical microscope, though developments in electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and frozen sections have all added to the sum of knowledge in the last couple of decades.
Microscope
A microscope (Greek: micron = small and scopos = aim) is an instrument for viewing objects that are too small to be seen by the naked or unaided eye. The science of investigating small objects using such an instrument is called microscopy, and the term microscopic means minute or very small, not easily visible with the unaided eye. In other words, requiring a microscope to examine.
Pathologist
A physician trained in the nature, cause, process and effects of disease; examines samples of tissue removed during surgery to determine an exact diagnosis.
Doctor
1. One whose occupation is to treat diseases, particularly a physician, dentist, or veterinarian with an appropriate license. 2. A teacher (particularly at a college or university), a scholar, or one who holds a postgraduate degree (especially a Ph.D. degree). 3. A shaman.
Disease
Illness or sickness often characterized by typical patient problems (symptoms) and physical findings (signs). Disruption sequence: The events that occur when a fetus that is developing normally is subjected to a destructive agent such as the rubella (German measles) virus.
Cancer
Any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream.
Diagnose
To identify a disease.
Condition
The term "condition" has a number of biomedical meanings including the following: 1.An unhealthy state, such as in "this is a progressive condition." 2.A state of fitness, such as "getting into condition." 3.Something that is essential to the occurrence of something else; essentially a "precondition." 4.As a verb: to cause a change in something so that a response that was previously associated with a certain stimulus becomes associated with another stimulus; to condition a person, as in behavioral conditioning.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Cryo-electron microscopy
An electron microscopic technique that involves freezing the biological sample in order to view the sample with the least possible distortion and the fewest possible artifacts. Abbreviated as cryo-EM.
Cryo-EM
Cryo-electron microscopy.
Cryocardioplegia
Paralysis of the heart by cold (hypothermia).
Cryoglobuliaemia
Phenomenon of precipitation of immunoglobulins in serum on exposure to cold. Associated with vasculitis and Raynaud's phenomenon.
Cryoglobulin
"An abnormal blood protein that has the unusual properties of precipitating from the blood serum when it is chilled (hence the ""cryo-"") and redissolving when it is rewarmed. Cryoglobulins are gamma globulins with a molecular weight of approximately 200,000. "
Cryoglobulinemia
The presence in blood of abnormal proteins called cryoglobulins that, by definition, have the unusual properties of precipitating from the blood serum when it is chilled and redissolving upon rewarming. (Cryoglobulins are gamma globulins with a molecular weight of approximately 200,000.)
Cryophobia
An abnormal and persistent fear of cold, including cold weather and cold objects. Sufferers from cryophobia experience anxiety even though they realize their fear is irrational. To avoid cold, they may live in a warm climate, dress more warmly than necessary, stay indoors on cold days, and avoid cold foods and ice cubes.
Cryopreservation
To preserve by freezing. Bone marrow harvested for an autologous BMT, for example, is cryopreserved.
Cryoprobe
A surgical probe, a long slender pointed surgical instrument, used to apply extreme cold to tissues.
Cryoprostatectomy
Freezing of the prostate through the use of liquid nitrogen probes guided by transrectal ultrasound of the prostate.
Cryoprotectant
A chemical component of a freezing solution used in cryopreservation (the process of cooling and storing cells, tissues, or organs at very low temperatures to maintain viability). The purpose of the cryoprotectant is to help protect what is being frozen from freeze damage.
Cryosurgery
The use of extreme cold (usually liquid nitrogen) to destroy unwanted tissue (warts or cataracts or skin cancers).
Cryothalamotomy
A surgical procedure in which a supercooled probe is inserted into a part of the brain called the thalamus in order to stop tremors.
Cryotherapy
Technique using liquid nitrogen, for example, to freeze warts and precancerous lesions.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Cryoglobulin
"An abnormal blood protein that has the unusual properties of precipitating from the blood serum when it is chilled (hence the ""cryo-"") and redissolving when it is rewarmed. Cryoglobulins are gamma globulins with a molecular weight of approximately 200,000. "
Cryoglobulinemia
The presence in blood of abnormal proteins called cryoglobulins that, by definition, have the unusual properties of precipitating from the blood serum when it is chilled and redissolving upon rewarming. (Cryoglobulins are gamma globulins with a molecular weight of approximately 200,000.)
Cryophobia
An abnormal and persistent fear of cold, including cold weather and cold objects. Sufferers from cryophobia experience anxiety even though they realize their fear is irrational. To avoid cold, they may live in a warm climate, dress more warmly than necessary, stay indoors on cold days, and avoid cold foods and ice cubes.
Cryoprobe
A surgical probe, a long slender pointed surgical instrument, used to apply extreme cold to tissues.
Cryoprotectant
A chemical component of a freezing solution used in cryopreservation (the process of cooling and storing cells, tissues, or organs at very low temperatures to maintain viability). The purpose of the cryoprotectant is to help protect what is being frozen from freeze damage.
Cryostat
Crypt
In anatomy, a crypt is variously a blind alley, a tube with no exit, a depression, or a pit -- in an otherwise fairly flat surface.
Cryptic
Hidden. Cryptic tonsillitis is hidden within the depths of the tonsil.
Crypto
Popular name for both the parasite, Cryptosporidium parvum, and the disease it causes, cryptosporidiosis.
Cryptography
"The encoding and decoding of secret messages. Cryptography in genetics: The term ""cryptography"" can be applied to human DNA since the message of life is encoded in DNA. And for eons even the existence of DNA was unknown and the information therein an unfathomed mystery. The decoding of DNA in the human genome project is essentially an exercise in cryptography, the greatest piece of cryptography ever undertaken in human history. However, this cryptographic project is incomplete since, although the sequence of most of the DNA has been determined, we are still far from understanding all of the many messages encoded within it. "
Cryptorchidism
Failure of descent of one or both of the testes into the scrotum. The testes first develop within the abdomen before birth and then normally descend into the scrotum. Cryptorchidism is also called undescended testes. Males with cryptorchidism that is not surgically corrected in early childhood are at increased risk for developing testicular cancer.
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This dictionary contains 19186 terms.
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