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| This glossary contains: 19186 medical terms |
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Community-acquired infection
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Community-acquired infectionAn infection acquired in the community. In contrast to a nosocomial (hospital-acquired) infection.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Infection
Anything that invades the body and reproduces. Infections can be bacteria, protozoa, fungi, or viruses. Bacteria and fungi are one celled creatures that cause many infections including strep throat, bladder infections, and some lung infections. Fungi cause “athlete’s foot” and thrush, an infection in the mouth. Protozoa are small organisms with many cells that can cause infections in the guts or in the lungs. Most healthy people do not get protozoal infections, but people with suppressed immune systems can. Viruses are not really organisms; they are tiny particles that can live only inside another cell. They reproduce by taking over a cell and causing that cell to make more virus particles, rather than doing what the cell is supposed to do. Viruses cause most colds and flu cases.
Acquired
"Anything that is not present at birth but develops some time later. In medicine, the word ""acquired"" implies ""new"" or ""added."" An acquired condition is ""new"" in the sense that it is not genetic (inherited) and ""added"" in the sense that was not present at birth. For example, AIDS (the acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is an acquired form of immune deficiency due to the acquisition of HIV (the human immunodeficiency virus). An acquired mutation is a change in a gene that occurs in a single cell after the conception of the individual. That change is then passed along to all cells descended from that cell. Acquired mutations are involved in the development of cancer."
Contrast
"Short for ""contrast media."" Contrast media are X-ray dyes used to provide contrast, for example, between blood vessels and other tissue."
Nosocomial
Belonging to or associated with a hospital, clinic, or other location of the practice of any branch of medicine, surgery, radiology, psychiatry, or pediatrics.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Commensal
1. Living in a relationship in which one organism derives food or other benefits from another organism without hurting or helping it. Commensal bacteria are part of the normal flora in the mouth. 2. An intimate relationship. The Norway rat, roof rat, and house mouse are considered commensal rodents because of their intimate relationships with humans.
Comminuted fracture
A fracture in which bone is broken, splintered or crushed into a number of pieces.
Commissurotomy
The heart valves are made up of leaflets. The leaflets touch each other and the edge of the area where they come in contact is known as the commissures. In some patients, specifically those with rheumatic heart disease, the commissures can become scarred and fail to open and allow blood to flow through easily. In situations like this, the commissures can be released or reopened with a procedure known as commissurotomy.
Commit
Commit is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): nicotine polacrilex.
Common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen
(CALLA) A cell surface enzyme with neutral metalloendopeptidase activity that serves as a marker for the common form of ALL (acute lymphocytic leukemia) as well as for Burkitt lymphoma and follicular germinal center lymphoma. CALLA is normally present on the surface of early lymphoid cells as well as on a number of other types of normal cells, such as especially cells in the kidney.
Common bile duct
The tube that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine.
Common bile duct obstruction
A blockage of the common bile duct, often caused by gallstones.
Common cold
A viral upper respiratory tract infection. This contagious illness can be caused by many different types of viruses, and the body can never build up resistance to all of them. For this reason, colds are a frequent and recurring problem. In fact kindergarten children average 12 colds per year, while adolescents and adults have around seven colds per year.
Common hepatic duct
The duct formed by the junction of the right hepatic duct (which drains bile from the right half of the liver) and the left hepatic duct (which drains bile from the left half of the liver). The common hepatic duct then joins the cystic duct coming from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct.
Common migraine
Migraine without aura. The most frequent type, accounting for about 80-85% of migraine.
Commotio cordis
"Sudden cardiac arrest from a blunt, nonpenetrating blow to the chest. The basis of the cardiac arrest is ventricular fibrillation (a chaotically abnormal heart rhythm) triggered by chest wall impact immediately over the anatomic position of the heart. This can happen, for example, in sports such with baseballs, softballs, lacrosse balls, hockey pucks and a blow in boxing. The only effective treatment is cardiopulmonary resuscitation with defibrillation to reverse ventricular fibrillation. Commotio cordis ia also known as a ""concussion of the heart."""
Communicable Disease
An illness due to a specific infectious agent or its toxic products that arises through transmission of that agent or its products from an infected person, animal or inanimate reservoir to a susceptible host; either directly or indirectly through an intermediate plant or animal host, vector or the inanimate environment (synonym: infectious disease).
Communicable disease
A disease spread through direct contact with an infected person or substance.
Communication Diseases Centre
The Communication Diseases Centre is a hospital in Singapore.
Community General Osteopathic
The Community General Osteopathic is a hospital in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, United States.
Community Health Center of Branch County
Community Health Center of Branch County is a hospital in Coldwater, Michigan (USA).
Community Health Network
Community Health Network is a hospital in Indianapolis, Indiana (USA).
Community Health-Selinsgrove
The Community Health-Selinsgrove is a hospital in Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania, United States.
Community Healthcare System
Community Healthcare System is a hospital in Munster, Indiana (USA).
Community Hospital Anderson
Community Hospital Anderson is a hospital in Anderson, Indiana (USA).
Community Hospital Healthcare System
Community Hospital Healthcare System is a hospital in Naples, Florida (USA).
Community Hospital Of Gardena
The Community Hospital Of Gardena is a hospital in Los Angeles, California, United States.
Community Hospital of Huntington Park
Community Hospital of Huntington Park is a hospital in Huntington Park, California (USA).
Community Hospital Of Kane
The Community Hospital Of Kane is a hospital in Sheffield, Pennsylvania, United States.
Community Hospital of Lancaster
Community Hospital of Lancaster is a hospital in Lancaster, Pennsylvania (USA).
Community Hospital of Long Beach
Community Hospital of Long Beach is a hospital in Long Beach, California (USA).
Community Hospital of Los Gatos
Community Hospital of Los Gatos is a hospital in Los Gatos, California (USA).
Community Hospital of Ottawa
Community Hospital of Ottawa is a hospital in Ottawa, Illinois (USA).
Community Hospital of Springfield
The Community Hospital of Springfield is a hospital in Springfield, Ohio, United States.
Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula
The Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula is a hospital in Monterey, California, United States.
Community Hospital of the Monterey Penisula
Community Hospital of the Monterey Penisula is a hospital in Monterey, California (USA).
Community Hospital Watervliet
Community Hospital Watervliet is a hospital in Watervliet, Michigan (USA).
Community Hospital-Lancaster
The Community Hospital-Lancaster is a hospital in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, United States.
Community Hospitals and Wellness Centers
The Community Hospitals and Wellness Centers is a hospital in Bryan, Ohio, United States.
Community Medical Center
Community Medical Center is a hospital in Missoula, Montana (USA).
Community Medical Center-Transitional Care Unit
The Community Medical Center-Transitional Care Unit is a hospital in Scranton, Pennsylvania, United States.
Community Medical Centers
Community Medical Centers is a hospital in Fresno, California (USA).
Community Memorial Healthcenter
The Community Memorial Healthcenter is a hospital in Virginia, United States.
Community Mental Health Center
The Community Mental Health Center is a hospital in Meadville, Pennsylvania, United States.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen
(CALLA) A cell surface enzyme with neutral metalloendopeptidase activity that serves as a marker for the common form of ALL (acute lymphocytic leukemia) as well as for Burkitt lymphoma and follicular germinal center lymphoma. CALLA is normally present on the surface of early lymphoid cells as well as on a number of other types of normal cells, such as especially cells in the kidney.
Common cold
A viral upper respiratory tract infection. This contagious illness can be caused by many different types of viruses, and the body can never build up resistance to all of them. For this reason, colds are a frequent and recurring problem. In fact kindergarten children average 12 colds per year, while adolescents and adults have around seven colds per year.
Common hepatic duct
The duct formed by the junction of the right hepatic duct (which drains bile from the right half of the liver) and the left hepatic duct (which drains bile from the left half of the liver). The common hepatic duct then joins the cystic duct coming from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct.
Common migraine
Migraine without aura. The most frequent type, accounting for about 80-85% of migraine.
Commotio cordis
"Sudden cardiac arrest from a blunt, nonpenetrating blow to the chest. The basis of the cardiac arrest is ventricular fibrillation (a chaotically abnormal heart rhythm) triggered by chest wall impact immediately over the anatomic position of the heart. This can happen, for example, in sports such with baseballs, softballs, lacrosse balls, hockey pucks and a blow in boxing. The only effective treatment is cardiopulmonary resuscitation with defibrillation to reverse ventricular fibrillation. Commotio cordis ia also known as a ""concussion of the heart."""
Community-acquired infection
Compartment syndrome
A condition in which there is swelling and an increase in pressure within a limited space (a compartment) that presses on and compromises blood vessels, nerves, and/or tendons that run through that compartment. Hence, the function of tissue within that compartment is compromised. Compartment syndromes usually involve the leg but can also occur in the forearm, arm, thigh, shoulder, and buttock. Some of the causes of increased pressure in compartment syndromes are trauma (for example, a fracture), too-tight wound dressings or casts, hemorrhage (bleeding) into the compartment, or inflammation (carpal tunnel syndrome, for example).
Complement system
A series of molecules that work together to perform many immune system functions. For example, the complement system helps to dissolve and remove immune complexes and to kill foreign cells.
Complementary DNA
Single-stranded DNA made in the laboratory from a messenger RNA template under the aegis of the enzyme reverse transcriptase. This form of DNA is often used as a probe in the physical mapping of a chromosome. Abbreviated as cDNA.
Complementary sequence
Nucleic acid sequence of bases that can form a double- stranded structure by matching base pairs. For example, the complementary sequence to C-A-T-G (where each letter stands for one of the bases in DNA) is G-T-A-C.
Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
A genetic disorder that makes XY fetuses insensitive (unresponsive) to androgens (male hormones). Instead, they are born looking externally like normal girls. Internally, there is a short blind-pouch vagina and no uterus, fallopian tubes or ovaries. There are testes in the abdomen or the inguinal canal. The complete androgen insensitivity syndrome is usually detected at puberty when a girl should but does not begin to menstruate. Many of the girls with the syndrome have no pubic or axillary (armpit) hair. They have luxuriant scalp hair without temporal (male-pattern) balding. They are sterile and cannot bear children. They are at high risk for osteoporosis and so should take estrogen replacement therapy.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Infection
Anything that invades the body and reproduces. Infections can be bacteria, protozoa, fungi, or viruses. Bacteria and fungi are one celled creatures that cause many infections including strep throat, bladder infections, and some lung infections. Fungi cause “athlete’s foot” and thrush, an infection in the mouth. Protozoa are small organisms with many cells that can cause infections in the guts or in the lungs. Most healthy people do not get protozoal infections, but people with suppressed immune systems can. Viruses are not really organisms; they are tiny particles that can live only inside another cell. They reproduce by taking over a cell and causing that cell to make more virus particles, rather than doing what the cell is supposed to do. Viruses cause most colds and flu cases.
Acquired
"Anything that is not present at birth but develops some time later. In medicine, the word ""acquired"" implies ""new"" or ""added."" An acquired condition is ""new"" in the sense that it is not genetic (inherited) and ""added"" in the sense that was not present at birth. For example, AIDS (the acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is an acquired form of immune deficiency due to the acquisition of HIV (the human immunodeficiency virus). An acquired mutation is a change in a gene that occurs in a single cell after the conception of the individual. That change is then passed along to all cells descended from that cell. Acquired mutations are involved in the development of cancer."
Contrast
"Short for ""contrast media."" Contrast media are X-ray dyes used to provide contrast, for example, between blood vessels and other tissue."
Nosocomial
Belonging to or associated with a hospital, clinic, or other location of the practice of any branch of medicine, surgery, radiology, psychiatry, or pediatrics.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Commensal
1. Living in a relationship in which one organism derives food or other benefits from another organism without hurting or helping it. Commensal bacteria are part of the normal flora in the mouth. 2. An intimate relationship. The Norway rat, roof rat, and house mouse are considered commensal rodents because of their intimate relationships with humans.
Comminuted fracture
A fracture in which bone is broken, splintered or crushed into a number of pieces.
Commissurotomy
The heart valves are made up of leaflets. The leaflets touch each other and the edge of the area where they come in contact is known as the commissures. In some patients, specifically those with rheumatic heart disease, the commissures can become scarred and fail to open and allow blood to flow through easily. In situations like this, the commissures can be released or reopened with a procedure known as commissurotomy.
Commit
Commit is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): nicotine polacrilex.
Common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen
(CALLA) A cell surface enzyme with neutral metalloendopeptidase activity that serves as a marker for the common form of ALL (acute lymphocytic leukemia) as well as for Burkitt lymphoma and follicular germinal center lymphoma. CALLA is normally present on the surface of early lymphoid cells as well as on a number of other types of normal cells, such as especially cells in the kidney.
Common bile duct
The tube that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine.
Common bile duct obstruction
A blockage of the common bile duct, often caused by gallstones.
Common cold
A viral upper respiratory tract infection. This contagious illness can be caused by many different types of viruses, and the body can never build up resistance to all of them. For this reason, colds are a frequent and recurring problem. In fact kindergarten children average 12 colds per year, while adolescents and adults have around seven colds per year.
Common hepatic duct
The duct formed by the junction of the right hepatic duct (which drains bile from the right half of the liver) and the left hepatic duct (which drains bile from the left half of the liver). The common hepatic duct then joins the cystic duct coming from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct.
Common migraine
Migraine without aura. The most frequent type, accounting for about 80-85% of migraine.
Commotio cordis
"Sudden cardiac arrest from a blunt, nonpenetrating blow to the chest. The basis of the cardiac arrest is ventricular fibrillation (a chaotically abnormal heart rhythm) triggered by chest wall impact immediately over the anatomic position of the heart. This can happen, for example, in sports such with baseballs, softballs, lacrosse balls, hockey pucks and a blow in boxing. The only effective treatment is cardiopulmonary resuscitation with defibrillation to reverse ventricular fibrillation. Commotio cordis ia also known as a ""concussion of the heart."""
Communicable Disease
An illness due to a specific infectious agent or its toxic products that arises through transmission of that agent or its products from an infected person, animal or inanimate reservoir to a susceptible host; either directly or indirectly through an intermediate plant or animal host, vector or the inanimate environment (synonym: infectious disease).
Communicable disease
A disease spread through direct contact with an infected person or substance.
Communication Diseases Centre
The Communication Diseases Centre is a hospital in Singapore.
Community General Osteopathic
The Community General Osteopathic is a hospital in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, United States.
Community Health Center of Branch County
Community Health Center of Branch County is a hospital in Coldwater, Michigan (USA).
Community Health Network
Community Health Network is a hospital in Indianapolis, Indiana (USA).
Community Health-Selinsgrove
The Community Health-Selinsgrove is a hospital in Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania, United States.
Community Healthcare System
Community Healthcare System is a hospital in Munster, Indiana (USA).
Community Hospital Anderson
Community Hospital Anderson is a hospital in Anderson, Indiana (USA).
Community Hospital Healthcare System
Community Hospital Healthcare System is a hospital in Naples, Florida (USA).
Community Hospital Of Gardena
The Community Hospital Of Gardena is a hospital in Los Angeles, California, United States.
Community Hospital of Huntington Park
Community Hospital of Huntington Park is a hospital in Huntington Park, California (USA).
Community Hospital Of Kane
The Community Hospital Of Kane is a hospital in Sheffield, Pennsylvania, United States.
Community Hospital of Lancaster
Community Hospital of Lancaster is a hospital in Lancaster, Pennsylvania (USA).
Community Hospital of Long Beach
Community Hospital of Long Beach is a hospital in Long Beach, California (USA).
Community Hospital of Los Gatos
Community Hospital of Los Gatos is a hospital in Los Gatos, California (USA).
Community Hospital of Ottawa
Community Hospital of Ottawa is a hospital in Ottawa, Illinois (USA).
Community Hospital of Springfield
The Community Hospital of Springfield is a hospital in Springfield, Ohio, United States.
Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula
The Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula is a hospital in Monterey, California, United States.
Community Hospital of the Monterey Penisula
Community Hospital of the Monterey Penisula is a hospital in Monterey, California (USA).
Community Hospital Watervliet
Community Hospital Watervliet is a hospital in Watervliet, Michigan (USA).
Community Hospital-Lancaster
The Community Hospital-Lancaster is a hospital in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, United States.
Community Hospitals and Wellness Centers
The Community Hospitals and Wellness Centers is a hospital in Bryan, Ohio, United States.
Community Medical Center
Community Medical Center is a hospital in Missoula, Montana (USA).
Community Medical Center-Transitional Care Unit
The Community Medical Center-Transitional Care Unit is a hospital in Scranton, Pennsylvania, United States.
Community Medical Centers
Community Medical Centers is a hospital in Fresno, California (USA).
Community Memorial Healthcenter
The Community Memorial Healthcenter is a hospital in Virginia, United States.
Community Mental Health Center
The Community Mental Health Center is a hospital in Meadville, Pennsylvania, United States.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen
(CALLA) A cell surface enzyme with neutral metalloendopeptidase activity that serves as a marker for the common form of ALL (acute lymphocytic leukemia) as well as for Burkitt lymphoma and follicular germinal center lymphoma. CALLA is normally present on the surface of early lymphoid cells as well as on a number of other types of normal cells, such as especially cells in the kidney.
Common cold
A viral upper respiratory tract infection. This contagious illness can be caused by many different types of viruses, and the body can never build up resistance to all of them. For this reason, colds are a frequent and recurring problem. In fact kindergarten children average 12 colds per year, while adolescents and adults have around seven colds per year.
Common hepatic duct
The duct formed by the junction of the right hepatic duct (which drains bile from the right half of the liver) and the left hepatic duct (which drains bile from the left half of the liver). The common hepatic duct then joins the cystic duct coming from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct.
Common migraine
Migraine without aura. The most frequent type, accounting for about 80-85% of migraine.
Commotio cordis
"Sudden cardiac arrest from a blunt, nonpenetrating blow to the chest. The basis of the cardiac arrest is ventricular fibrillation (a chaotically abnormal heart rhythm) triggered by chest wall impact immediately over the anatomic position of the heart. This can happen, for example, in sports such with baseballs, softballs, lacrosse balls, hockey pucks and a blow in boxing. The only effective treatment is cardiopulmonary resuscitation with defibrillation to reverse ventricular fibrillation. Commotio cordis ia also known as a ""concussion of the heart."""
Community-acquired infection
Compartment syndrome
A condition in which there is swelling and an increase in pressure within a limited space (a compartment) that presses on and compromises blood vessels, nerves, and/or tendons that run through that compartment. Hence, the function of tissue within that compartment is compromised. Compartment syndromes usually involve the leg but can also occur in the forearm, arm, thigh, shoulder, and buttock. Some of the causes of increased pressure in compartment syndromes are trauma (for example, a fracture), too-tight wound dressings or casts, hemorrhage (bleeding) into the compartment, or inflammation (carpal tunnel syndrome, for example).
Complement system
A series of molecules that work together to perform many immune system functions. For example, the complement system helps to dissolve and remove immune complexes and to kill foreign cells.
Complementary DNA
Single-stranded DNA made in the laboratory from a messenger RNA template under the aegis of the enzyme reverse transcriptase. This form of DNA is often used as a probe in the physical mapping of a chromosome. Abbreviated as cDNA.
Complementary sequence
Nucleic acid sequence of bases that can form a double- stranded structure by matching base pairs. For example, the complementary sequence to C-A-T-G (where each letter stands for one of the bases in DNA) is G-T-A-C.
Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
A genetic disorder that makes XY fetuses insensitive (unresponsive) to androgens (male hormones). Instead, they are born looking externally like normal girls. Internally, there is a short blind-pouch vagina and no uterus, fallopian tubes or ovaries. There are testes in the abdomen or the inguinal canal. The complete androgen insensitivity syndrome is usually detected at puberty when a girl should but does not begin to menstruate. Many of the girls with the syndrome have no pubic or axillary (armpit) hair. They have luxuriant scalp hair without temporal (male-pattern) balding. They are sterile and cannot bear children. They are at high risk for osteoporosis and so should take estrogen replacement therapy.
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This dictionary contains 19186 terms.
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