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| This glossary contains: 19186 medical terms |
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Chorionic villus sampling
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Chorionic villus samplingA procedure for first-trimester prenatal diagnosis. Chorionic villus sampling may be done between the eighth and tenth weeks of pregnancy. The aim is to diagnose severe abnormalities afflicting the fetus. In the procedure, tissue is withdrawn from the villi (vascular fingers) of the chorion, a part of the placenta, and examined. Chorionic villus sampling is referred to commonly as CVS.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Diagnosis
The determination of the presence of a specific disease or infection, usually accomplished by evaluating clinical symptoms and laboratory tests.
Diagnose
To identify a disease.
Fetus
The stage of human development from 10 weeks' gestation until birth.
Tissue
Biological tissue is a group of cells that perform a similar function.The study of tissues is known as histology, or, in connection with disease, histopathology.The classical tools for studying the tissues are the wax block, the tissue stain, and the optical microscope, though developments in electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and frozen sections have all added to the sum of knowledge in the last couple of decades.
Villi
The tiny, fingerlike projections on the surface of the small intestine that help absorb nutrients.
Chorion
The outermost of the two membranes surrounding the embryo/fetus, part of which forms the fetal portion of the placenta.
Placenta
Organ that grows in the uterus during pregnancy and connects the blood supplies of the mother and baby.
CVS
1. Chorionic villus sampling, a procedure for first-trimester prenatal diagnosis. 2. Cyclic vomiting syndrome, also known as abdominal migraine.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Chorda tympani
A branch of the facial nerve (the seventh cranial nerve) that serves the taste buds in the front of the tongue, runs through the middle ear, and carries taste messages to the brain.
Chordae Tendinae
The thin, fibrous chords that lead from the valve leaflets to the small papillary muscles within the heart muscle wall, contributes to the support of the tricuspid and mitral valves.
Chordae tendineae
Thread-like bands of fibrous tissue which attach on one end to the edges of the tricuspid and mitral valves of the heart and on the other end to the papillary muscles, small muscles within the heart that serve to anchor the valves.
Chordee
Fixed curvature or tying down of the penis or hypertrophied clitoris as in the hypospadiac birth defect characteristic of various types of hermaphroditism.
Chordoma
A form of bone cancer that usually starts in the lower spinal column.
Chorea
Rapid, jerky, dance-like movement of the body.
Chorioangioma, placental
A benign vascular (blood vessel) tumor of the placenta (afterbirth). Large chorioangiomas cause complications including polyhydramnios (excess amniotic fluid), maternal and fetal clotting problems (coagulopathies), premature delivery, toxemia, fetal heart failure, and hydrops (excess fluid) affecting the fetus.
Choriocarcinoma
A highly malignant tumor that arises from trophoblastic cells within the uterus. Choriocarcinoma tends to be invasive and to metastasize early and widely through both the venous and lymphatic systems. Choriocarcinoma is one of the two types of gestational trophoblastic tumor, the other being hydatidiform mole.
Chorion
The outermost of the two membranes surrounding the embryo/fetus, part of which forms the fetal portion of the placenta.
Chorionic gonadotropin
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a peptide hormone produced in pregnancy, that is made by the embryo soon after conception and later by the trophoblast (part of the placenta). Its role is to prevent the demise of the corpus luteum of the ovary and thereby maintain progesterone production that is critical for a pregnancy in humans. hCG may have additional functions, for instance it is thought that it affects the immune tolerance of the pregnancy.
Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)
A procedure in which a small sample of cells are taken from the placenta through a small catheter placed up through the vagina and the cervix. This is done earlier in pregnancy than amniocentesis and is used to test for chromosomal and other biochemical abnormalities that may affect the health and well being of the baby.
Chorioretinitis
An inflammation of the back of the eye involving the choroid and retina. It may be due to a number of different diseases, which affect the body such as toxoplasmosis, histoplasmosis, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and syphilis.
Choroid
This is the vascular coat between the sclera and the retina, which furnishes blood and nutrition to the outer layer of the retina.
Choroideremia
Atrophy or decay of the choroid, choriocapillaris and Bruch’s membrane of the eye, leading to a severe loss of vision. Usually progresses to light perception by 50 years of age. Leads to night blindness tunnel vision and reduced visual acuity. No treatment available.
Choroiditis
An inflammation of the back of the eye involving the choroid and retina. It may be due to a number of different diseases, which affect the body such as toxoplasmosis, histoplasmosis, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and syphilis.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Chorda tympani
A branch of the facial nerve (the seventh cranial nerve) that serves the taste buds in the front of the tongue, runs through the middle ear, and carries taste messages to the brain.
Chordae tendineae
Thread-like bands of fibrous tissue which attach on one end to the edges of the tricuspid and mitral valves of the heart and on the other end to the papillary muscles, small muscles within the heart that serve to anchor the valves.
Chordoma
A form of bone cancer that usually starts in the lower spinal column.
Chorioangioma, placental
A benign vascular (blood vessel) tumor of the placenta (afterbirth). Large chorioangiomas cause complications including polyhydramnios (excess amniotic fluid), maternal and fetal clotting problems (coagulopathies), premature delivery, toxemia, fetal heart failure, and hydrops (excess fluid) affecting the fetus.
Choriocarcinoma
A highly malignant tumor that arises from trophoblastic cells within the uterus. Choriocarcinoma tends to be invasive and to metastasize early and widely through both the venous and lymphatic systems. Choriocarcinoma is one of the two types of gestational trophoblastic tumor, the other being hydatidiform mole.
Chorionic villus sampling
Chrematophobia
Fear of money. Although born to a wealthy family, he has chrematophobia and lives a spare life.
Chromatids
The daughter strands of a duplicated chromosome joined together by a centromere.
Chromatin
The nucleoprotein material of chromosomes. Chromatin is essentially the substance of chromosomes. It is made up of DNA attached to a protein structure, together with chromosomal RNA. Chromatin exists in two states, euchromatin and heterochromatin, with different staining and functional properties.
Chromatin remodeling
Dynamic structural changes to the chromatin occurring throughout the cell division cycle. These changes range from the local changes necessary for transcriptional regulation to global changes necessary for chromosome segregation. Chromatin remodeling is an epigenetic phenomenon.
Chromatography, gas (GC)
A type of automated chromatography (a technique used to separate mixtures of substances) in which the mixture to be analyzed is vaporized and carried by an inert gas through a special column and thence to a detection device. The special column can contain an inert porous solid (in gas-solid chromatography) or a liquid coated on a solid support (in gas-liquid chromatography). The basic aim with GC is to separate each component that was in the mixture so that it produces a different peak in the detection device output which is graphed on a chart recorder. GC is a valuable tool in biochemistry (and other fields of chemistry, as in the analysis of perfumes).
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Diagnosis
The determination of the presence of a specific disease or infection, usually accomplished by evaluating clinical symptoms and laboratory tests.
Diagnose
To identify a disease.
Fetus
The stage of human development from 10 weeks' gestation until birth.
Tissue
Biological tissue is a group of cells that perform a similar function.The study of tissues is known as histology, or, in connection with disease, histopathology.The classical tools for studying the tissues are the wax block, the tissue stain, and the optical microscope, though developments in electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and frozen sections have all added to the sum of knowledge in the last couple of decades.
Villi
The tiny, fingerlike projections on the surface of the small intestine that help absorb nutrients.
Chorion
The outermost of the two membranes surrounding the embryo/fetus, part of which forms the fetal portion of the placenta.
Placenta
Organ that grows in the uterus during pregnancy and connects the blood supplies of the mother and baby.
CVS
1. Chorionic villus sampling, a procedure for first-trimester prenatal diagnosis. 2. Cyclic vomiting syndrome, also known as abdominal migraine.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Chorda tympani
A branch of the facial nerve (the seventh cranial nerve) that serves the taste buds in the front of the tongue, runs through the middle ear, and carries taste messages to the brain.
Chordae Tendinae
The thin, fibrous chords that lead from the valve leaflets to the small papillary muscles within the heart muscle wall, contributes to the support of the tricuspid and mitral valves.
Chordae tendineae
Thread-like bands of fibrous tissue which attach on one end to the edges of the tricuspid and mitral valves of the heart and on the other end to the papillary muscles, small muscles within the heart that serve to anchor the valves.
Chordee
Fixed curvature or tying down of the penis or hypertrophied clitoris as in the hypospadiac birth defect characteristic of various types of hermaphroditism.
Chordoma
A form of bone cancer that usually starts in the lower spinal column.
Chorea
Rapid, jerky, dance-like movement of the body.
Chorioangioma, placental
A benign vascular (blood vessel) tumor of the placenta (afterbirth). Large chorioangiomas cause complications including polyhydramnios (excess amniotic fluid), maternal and fetal clotting problems (coagulopathies), premature delivery, toxemia, fetal heart failure, and hydrops (excess fluid) affecting the fetus.
Choriocarcinoma
A highly malignant tumor that arises from trophoblastic cells within the uterus. Choriocarcinoma tends to be invasive and to metastasize early and widely through both the venous and lymphatic systems. Choriocarcinoma is one of the two types of gestational trophoblastic tumor, the other being hydatidiform mole.
Chorion
The outermost of the two membranes surrounding the embryo/fetus, part of which forms the fetal portion of the placenta.
Chorionic gonadotropin
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a peptide hormone produced in pregnancy, that is made by the embryo soon after conception and later by the trophoblast (part of the placenta). Its role is to prevent the demise of the corpus luteum of the ovary and thereby maintain progesterone production that is critical for a pregnancy in humans. hCG may have additional functions, for instance it is thought that it affects the immune tolerance of the pregnancy.
Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)
A procedure in which a small sample of cells are taken from the placenta through a small catheter placed up through the vagina and the cervix. This is done earlier in pregnancy than amniocentesis and is used to test for chromosomal and other biochemical abnormalities that may affect the health and well being of the baby.
Chorioretinitis
An inflammation of the back of the eye involving the choroid and retina. It may be due to a number of different diseases, which affect the body such as toxoplasmosis, histoplasmosis, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and syphilis.
Choroid
This is the vascular coat between the sclera and the retina, which furnishes blood and nutrition to the outer layer of the retina.
Choroideremia
Atrophy or decay of the choroid, choriocapillaris and Bruch’s membrane of the eye, leading to a severe loss of vision. Usually progresses to light perception by 50 years of age. Leads to night blindness tunnel vision and reduced visual acuity. No treatment available.
Choroiditis
An inflammation of the back of the eye involving the choroid and retina. It may be due to a number of different diseases, which affect the body such as toxoplasmosis, histoplasmosis, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and syphilis.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Chorda tympani
A branch of the facial nerve (the seventh cranial nerve) that serves the taste buds in the front of the tongue, runs through the middle ear, and carries taste messages to the brain.
Chordae tendineae
Thread-like bands of fibrous tissue which attach on one end to the edges of the tricuspid and mitral valves of the heart and on the other end to the papillary muscles, small muscles within the heart that serve to anchor the valves.
Chordoma
A form of bone cancer that usually starts in the lower spinal column.
Chorioangioma, placental
A benign vascular (blood vessel) tumor of the placenta (afterbirth). Large chorioangiomas cause complications including polyhydramnios (excess amniotic fluid), maternal and fetal clotting problems (coagulopathies), premature delivery, toxemia, fetal heart failure, and hydrops (excess fluid) affecting the fetus.
Choriocarcinoma
A highly malignant tumor that arises from trophoblastic cells within the uterus. Choriocarcinoma tends to be invasive and to metastasize early and widely through both the venous and lymphatic systems. Choriocarcinoma is one of the two types of gestational trophoblastic tumor, the other being hydatidiform mole.
Chorionic villus sampling
Chrematophobia
Fear of money. Although born to a wealthy family, he has chrematophobia and lives a spare life.
Chromatids
The daughter strands of a duplicated chromosome joined together by a centromere.
Chromatin
The nucleoprotein material of chromosomes. Chromatin is essentially the substance of chromosomes. It is made up of DNA attached to a protein structure, together with chromosomal RNA. Chromatin exists in two states, euchromatin and heterochromatin, with different staining and functional properties.
Chromatin remodeling
Dynamic structural changes to the chromatin occurring throughout the cell division cycle. These changes range from the local changes necessary for transcriptional regulation to global changes necessary for chromosome segregation. Chromatin remodeling is an epigenetic phenomenon.
Chromatography, gas (GC)
A type of automated chromatography (a technique used to separate mixtures of substances) in which the mixture to be analyzed is vaporized and carried by an inert gas through a special column and thence to a detection device. The special column can contain an inert porous solid (in gas-solid chromatography) or a liquid coated on a solid support (in gas-liquid chromatography). The basic aim with GC is to separate each component that was in the mixture so that it produces a different peak in the detection device output which is graphed on a chart recorder. GC is a valuable tool in biochemistry (and other fields of chemistry, as in the analysis of perfumes).
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This dictionary contains 19186 terms.
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