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| This glossary contains: 19186 medical terms |
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Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)
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Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) A procedure in which a small sample of cells are taken from the placenta through a small catheter placed up through the vagina and the cervix. This is done earlier in pregnancy than amniocentesis and is used to test for chromosomal and other biochemical abnormalities that may affect the health and well being of the baby.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Placenta
Organ that grows in the uterus during pregnancy and connects the blood supplies of the mother and baby.
Catheter
A thin, flexible tube that carries fluids into or out of the body.
Vagina
The tube that forms the passage between the cervix/uterus and the vulva. It receives the penis during sexual intercourse and serves as the delivery passage for birth and for menstrual flow.
Cervix
The neck or neck-like part of an organ; specifically the neck of the lower part of the uterus, or womb, where the vagina and uterus unite.
Amniocentesis
Prenatal diagnostic procedure in which a small amount of amniotic fluid is withdrawn through a needle inserted through a pregnant woman's abdominal wall into the uterus, then examined in a laboratory either to detect genetic abnormalities in a fetus or for other purposes such as father identification.
Biochemical
Relating to biochemistry, the application of the tools and concepts of chemistry to living systems.
Affect
This word is used to described observable behavior that represents the expression of a subjectively experienced feeling state (emotion). Common examples of affect are sadness, fear, joy, and anger. The normal range of expressed affect varies considerably between different cultures and even within the same culture. Types of affect include: euthymic, irritable, constricted; blunted; flat; inappropriate, and labile.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Chorda tympani
A branch of the facial nerve (the seventh cranial nerve) that serves the taste buds in the front of the tongue, runs through the middle ear, and carries taste messages to the brain.
Chordae Tendinae
The thin, fibrous chords that lead from the valve leaflets to the small papillary muscles within the heart muscle wall, contributes to the support of the tricuspid and mitral valves.
Chordae tendineae
Thread-like bands of fibrous tissue which attach on one end to the edges of the tricuspid and mitral valves of the heart and on the other end to the papillary muscles, small muscles within the heart that serve to anchor the valves.
Chordee
Fixed curvature or tying down of the penis or hypertrophied clitoris as in the hypospadiac birth defect characteristic of various types of hermaphroditism.
Chordoma
A form of bone cancer that usually starts in the lower spinal column.
Chorea
Rapid, jerky, dance-like movement of the body.
Chorioangioma, placental
A benign vascular (blood vessel) tumor of the placenta (afterbirth). Large chorioangiomas cause complications including polyhydramnios (excess amniotic fluid), maternal and fetal clotting problems (coagulopathies), premature delivery, toxemia, fetal heart failure, and hydrops (excess fluid) affecting the fetus.
Choriocarcinoma
A highly malignant tumor that arises from trophoblastic cells within the uterus. Choriocarcinoma tends to be invasive and to metastasize early and widely through both the venous and lymphatic systems. Choriocarcinoma is one of the two types of gestational trophoblastic tumor, the other being hydatidiform mole.
Chorion
The outermost of the two membranes surrounding the embryo/fetus, part of which forms the fetal portion of the placenta.
Chorionic gonadotropin
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a peptide hormone produced in pregnancy, that is made by the embryo soon after conception and later by the trophoblast (part of the placenta). Its role is to prevent the demise of the corpus luteum of the ovary and thereby maintain progesterone production that is critical for a pregnancy in humans. hCG may have additional functions, for instance it is thought that it affects the immune tolerance of the pregnancy.
Chorionic villus sampling
A procedure for first-trimester prenatal diagnosis. Chorionic villus sampling may be done between the eighth and tenth weeks of pregnancy. The aim is to diagnose severe abnormalities afflicting the fetus. In the procedure, tissue is withdrawn from the villi (vascular fingers) of the chorion, a part of the placenta, and examined. Chorionic villus sampling is referred to commonly as CVS.
Chorioretinitis
An inflammation of the back of the eye involving the choroid and retina. It may be due to a number of different diseases, which affect the body such as toxoplasmosis, histoplasmosis, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and syphilis.
Choroid
This is the vascular coat between the sclera and the retina, which furnishes blood and nutrition to the outer layer of the retina.
Choroideremia
Atrophy or decay of the choroid, choriocapillaris and Bruch’s membrane of the eye, leading to a severe loss of vision. Usually progresses to light perception by 50 years of age. Leads to night blindness tunnel vision and reduced visual acuity. No treatment available.
Choroiditis
An inflammation of the back of the eye involving the choroid and retina. It may be due to a number of different diseases, which affect the body such as toxoplasmosis, histoplasmosis, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and syphilis.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Cortisol
The hormone released from the adrenal glands in response to stress or low blood glucose. Its primary mode of action in times of stress is to shut down eicosanoid synthesis. Its synthesis in the adrenal gland requires the second messenger, cyclic AMP.
Cyclic AMP
A second messenger that begins the biological response initiated by a hormone. Cyclic AMP is derived from ATP. Many endocrine hormones use cyclic AMP as their second messenger.
Cyclic GMP
A second messenger that begins the biological response initiated by a hormone. Cyclic GMP is the second messenger induced by nitric oxide.
Cartilage
A firm, flexible connective tissue. In vertebrates, the cartilage forms the skeleton in the early stages of development, after which it is largely replaced by bone. Some cartilage remains at the joints to give flexibility and support.
Cellulitis
An inflammation of the connective tissue underlying the skin that can be caused by a bacterial infection. Cellulitis can be caused by normal skin flora or by exogenous bacteria, and often occurs where the skin has previously been broken: cracks in the skin, cuts, burns, insect bites, surgical wounds, or sites of intravenous catheter insertion.
Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)
Colon cancer
A malignant (cancerous) tumor arising from the inner wall of the large intestine. Although the exact causes of colon cancer are not known, it appears that both hereditary and environmental factors, like what we eat, play a role in its development. The early stages of cancer may have no symptoms.
Celecoxib
Celecoxib is in a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Celecoxib works by reducing substances that cause inflammation, pain, and fever in the body. Brand name: Celebrex.
Cialis
A medication used to treat erectile dysfunction that works by increasing the flow of blood into the penis.
Colonoscopy
A procedure that allows the physician to view the entire length of the large intestine, and can often help identify abnormal growths, inflamed tissue, ulcers, and bleeding. It involves inserting a colonoscope, a long, flexible, lighted tube, in through the rectum up into the colon. The colonoscope allows the physician to see the lining of the colon, remove tissue for further examination, and possibly treat some problems that are discovered.
Cervical cancer
Cancer of the uterine cervix, happens when normal cells in the cervix change into cancer cells. This change normally takes several years to happen, but it can also happen in a very short amount of time. Before the cells turn into cancer, abnormal cells develop on the cervix that can be found by a Pap test. Women generally don't have symptoms of cervical cancer. But when cervical cancer is not found early and spreads deeper into your cervix or to other tissues or organs, you might have pain during sex; bleeding from your vagina after sex, between periods, or after menopause; heavy vaginal discharge.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Placenta
Organ that grows in the uterus during pregnancy and connects the blood supplies of the mother and baby.
Catheter
A thin, flexible tube that carries fluids into or out of the body.
Vagina
The tube that forms the passage between the cervix/uterus and the vulva. It receives the penis during sexual intercourse and serves as the delivery passage for birth and for menstrual flow.
Cervix
The neck or neck-like part of an organ; specifically the neck of the lower part of the uterus, or womb, where the vagina and uterus unite.
Amniocentesis
Prenatal diagnostic procedure in which a small amount of amniotic fluid is withdrawn through a needle inserted through a pregnant woman's abdominal wall into the uterus, then examined in a laboratory either to detect genetic abnormalities in a fetus or for other purposes such as father identification.
Biochemical
Relating to biochemistry, the application of the tools and concepts of chemistry to living systems.
Affect
This word is used to described observable behavior that represents the expression of a subjectively experienced feeling state (emotion). Common examples of affect are sadness, fear, joy, and anger. The normal range of expressed affect varies considerably between different cultures and even within the same culture. Types of affect include: euthymic, irritable, constricted; blunted; flat; inappropriate, and labile.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Chorda tympani
A branch of the facial nerve (the seventh cranial nerve) that serves the taste buds in the front of the tongue, runs through the middle ear, and carries taste messages to the brain.
Chordae Tendinae
The thin, fibrous chords that lead from the valve leaflets to the small papillary muscles within the heart muscle wall, contributes to the support of the tricuspid and mitral valves.
Chordae tendineae
Thread-like bands of fibrous tissue which attach on one end to the edges of the tricuspid and mitral valves of the heart and on the other end to the papillary muscles, small muscles within the heart that serve to anchor the valves.
Chordee
Fixed curvature or tying down of the penis or hypertrophied clitoris as in the hypospadiac birth defect characteristic of various types of hermaphroditism.
Chordoma
A form of bone cancer that usually starts in the lower spinal column.
Chorea
Rapid, jerky, dance-like movement of the body.
Chorioangioma, placental
A benign vascular (blood vessel) tumor of the placenta (afterbirth). Large chorioangiomas cause complications including polyhydramnios (excess amniotic fluid), maternal and fetal clotting problems (coagulopathies), premature delivery, toxemia, fetal heart failure, and hydrops (excess fluid) affecting the fetus.
Choriocarcinoma
A highly malignant tumor that arises from trophoblastic cells within the uterus. Choriocarcinoma tends to be invasive and to metastasize early and widely through both the venous and lymphatic systems. Choriocarcinoma is one of the two types of gestational trophoblastic tumor, the other being hydatidiform mole.
Chorion
The outermost of the two membranes surrounding the embryo/fetus, part of which forms the fetal portion of the placenta.
Chorionic gonadotropin
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a peptide hormone produced in pregnancy, that is made by the embryo soon after conception and later by the trophoblast (part of the placenta). Its role is to prevent the demise of the corpus luteum of the ovary and thereby maintain progesterone production that is critical for a pregnancy in humans. hCG may have additional functions, for instance it is thought that it affects the immune tolerance of the pregnancy.
Chorionic villus sampling
A procedure for first-trimester prenatal diagnosis. Chorionic villus sampling may be done between the eighth and tenth weeks of pregnancy. The aim is to diagnose severe abnormalities afflicting the fetus. In the procedure, tissue is withdrawn from the villi (vascular fingers) of the chorion, a part of the placenta, and examined. Chorionic villus sampling is referred to commonly as CVS.
Chorioretinitis
An inflammation of the back of the eye involving the choroid and retina. It may be due to a number of different diseases, which affect the body such as toxoplasmosis, histoplasmosis, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and syphilis.
Choroid
This is the vascular coat between the sclera and the retina, which furnishes blood and nutrition to the outer layer of the retina.
Choroideremia
Atrophy or decay of the choroid, choriocapillaris and Bruch’s membrane of the eye, leading to a severe loss of vision. Usually progresses to light perception by 50 years of age. Leads to night blindness tunnel vision and reduced visual acuity. No treatment available.
Choroiditis
An inflammation of the back of the eye involving the choroid and retina. It may be due to a number of different diseases, which affect the body such as toxoplasmosis, histoplasmosis, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and syphilis.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Cortisol
The hormone released from the adrenal glands in response to stress or low blood glucose. Its primary mode of action in times of stress is to shut down eicosanoid synthesis. Its synthesis in the adrenal gland requires the second messenger, cyclic AMP.
Cyclic AMP
A second messenger that begins the biological response initiated by a hormone. Cyclic AMP is derived from ATP. Many endocrine hormones use cyclic AMP as their second messenger.
Cyclic GMP
A second messenger that begins the biological response initiated by a hormone. Cyclic GMP is the second messenger induced by nitric oxide.
Cartilage
A firm, flexible connective tissue. In vertebrates, the cartilage forms the skeleton in the early stages of development, after which it is largely replaced by bone. Some cartilage remains at the joints to give flexibility and support.
Cellulitis
An inflammation of the connective tissue underlying the skin that can be caused by a bacterial infection. Cellulitis can be caused by normal skin flora or by exogenous bacteria, and often occurs where the skin has previously been broken: cracks in the skin, cuts, burns, insect bites, surgical wounds, or sites of intravenous catheter insertion.
Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)
Colon cancer
A malignant (cancerous) tumor arising from the inner wall of the large intestine. Although the exact causes of colon cancer are not known, it appears that both hereditary and environmental factors, like what we eat, play a role in its development. The early stages of cancer may have no symptoms.
Celecoxib
Celecoxib is in a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Celecoxib works by reducing substances that cause inflammation, pain, and fever in the body. Brand name: Celebrex.
Cialis
A medication used to treat erectile dysfunction that works by increasing the flow of blood into the penis.
Colonoscopy
A procedure that allows the physician to view the entire length of the large intestine, and can often help identify abnormal growths, inflamed tissue, ulcers, and bleeding. It involves inserting a colonoscope, a long, flexible, lighted tube, in through the rectum up into the colon. The colonoscope allows the physician to see the lining of the colon, remove tissue for further examination, and possibly treat some problems that are discovered.
Cervical cancer
Cancer of the uterine cervix, happens when normal cells in the cervix change into cancer cells. This change normally takes several years to happen, but it can also happen in a very short amount of time. Before the cells turn into cancer, abnormal cells develop on the cervix that can be found by a Pap test. Women generally don't have symptoms of cervical cancer. But when cervical cancer is not found early and spreads deeper into your cervix or to other tissues or organs, you might have pain during sex; bleeding from your vagina after sex, between periods, or after menopause; heavy vaginal discharge.
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This dictionary contains 19186 terms.
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