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| This glossary contains: 19186 medical terms |
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Cecal
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CecalPertaining to the cecum (also spelled caecum), the first portion of the large bowel, situated in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Cecum
The beginning of the large intestine. The cecum is connected to the lower part of the small intestine, called the ileum.
Bowel
Another word for the small and large intestines.
Abdomen
The area between the chest and the hips. Contains the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
CD10
A cell surface enzyme with neutral metalloendopeptidase activity. CD10 is also known as CALLA (common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen). It serves as a marker for the common form of ALL (acute lymphocytic leukemia) as well as for Burkitt lymphoma and follicular germinal center lymphoma. CD10/CALLA is normally present on the surface of early lymphoid cells as well as on a number of other types of normal cells, such as especially cells in the kidney.
CD4
A large glycoprotein molecule found on the surface of T lymphocytes that serves as the receptor for HIV.
CD40
A receptor molecule on the cell surface of all mature B cells (B lymphocytes), most B-cell malignancies, and monocytes, dendritic cells (in the nervous system), endothelial cells (within blood vessels), and epithelial cells. CD40 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily. Together with CD40 ligand, the molecule that binds to it, CD40 is an important contributor to the inflammatory processes that lead to atherosclerosis and thrombosis (clotting). The gene encoding CD40 is on chromosome 20.
CDNA
Complementary DNA. cDNA is single-stranded DNA made in the laboratory from a messenger RNA template under the aegis of the enzyme reverse transcriptase. This form of DNA is often used as a probe in the physical mapping of a chromosome.
CEA assay
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a protein found in many types of cells but associated with tumors and the developing fetus.
Cecal
Celiac disease
A disorder resulting from an immune reaction to gluten, a protein found in wheat and related grains, and present in many foods. Celiac disease causes impaired absorption and digestion of nutrients through the small intestine. Symptoms include frequent diarrhea and weight loss. A skin condition dermatitis herpetiformis can be associated with celiac disease. The most accurate test for celiac disease is a biopsy of the involved small bowel. Treatment is to avoid gluten in the diet. Medications are used for refractory (stubborn) celiac disease.
Cell cloning
The process of producing a group of cells (clones), all genetically identical, from a single ancestral cell.
Cell fusion
The melding of two or more cells into one cell called a heterokaryon. A heterokaryon may reproduce itself for at least several generations. Cell fusion provides a method for assigning specific genes to specific chromosomes.
Cell lineage
A genealogic pedigree of cells related through mitotic division.
Cell sorter, fluorescence-activated
A flow cytometer (a scientific instrument used to measure the characteristics of individual cells) that is modified for the purpose of separating (sorting) cells based on the amount of light (fluorescence) emitted by each cell.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Cecum
The beginning of the large intestine. The cecum is connected to the lower part of the small intestine, called the ileum.
Bowel
Another word for the small and large intestines.
Abdomen
The area between the chest and the hips. Contains the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
CD10
A cell surface enzyme with neutral metalloendopeptidase activity. CD10 is also known as CALLA (common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen). It serves as a marker for the common form of ALL (acute lymphocytic leukemia) as well as for Burkitt lymphoma and follicular germinal center lymphoma. CD10/CALLA is normally present on the surface of early lymphoid cells as well as on a number of other types of normal cells, such as especially cells in the kidney.
CD4
A large glycoprotein molecule found on the surface of T lymphocytes that serves as the receptor for HIV.
CD40
A receptor molecule on the cell surface of all mature B cells (B lymphocytes), most B-cell malignancies, and monocytes, dendritic cells (in the nervous system), endothelial cells (within blood vessels), and epithelial cells. CD40 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily. Together with CD40 ligand, the molecule that binds to it, CD40 is an important contributor to the inflammatory processes that lead to atherosclerosis and thrombosis (clotting). The gene encoding CD40 is on chromosome 20.
CDNA
Complementary DNA. cDNA is single-stranded DNA made in the laboratory from a messenger RNA template under the aegis of the enzyme reverse transcriptase. This form of DNA is often used as a probe in the physical mapping of a chromosome.
CEA assay
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a protein found in many types of cells but associated with tumors and the developing fetus.
Cecal
Celiac disease
A disorder resulting from an immune reaction to gluten, a protein found in wheat and related grains, and present in many foods. Celiac disease causes impaired absorption and digestion of nutrients through the small intestine. Symptoms include frequent diarrhea and weight loss. A skin condition dermatitis herpetiformis can be associated with celiac disease. The most accurate test for celiac disease is a biopsy of the involved small bowel. Treatment is to avoid gluten in the diet. Medications are used for refractory (stubborn) celiac disease.
Cell cloning
The process of producing a group of cells (clones), all genetically identical, from a single ancestral cell.
Cell fusion
The melding of two or more cells into one cell called a heterokaryon. A heterokaryon may reproduce itself for at least several generations. Cell fusion provides a method for assigning specific genes to specific chromosomes.
Cell lineage
A genealogic pedigree of cells related through mitotic division.
Cell sorter, fluorescence-activated
A flow cytometer (a scientific instrument used to measure the characteristics of individual cells) that is modified for the purpose of separating (sorting) cells based on the amount of light (fluorescence) emitted by each cell.
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This dictionary contains 19186 terms.
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