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| This glossary contains: 19186 medical terms |
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Cardiolipin
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Cardiolipin One of the components of a cell membrane.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Cell
Fundamental structural unit of all life. The cell consists primarily of an outer plasma membrane, which separates it from the environment; the genetic material (DNA), which encodes heritable information for the maintainance of life; and the cytoplasm, a heterogeneous assemblage of ions, molecules, and fluid.
Membrane
A flexible layer surrounding a cell, organelle (such as the nucleus), or other bodily structure. The movement of molecules across a membrane is strictly regulated in both directions.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Cardene
Cardene is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): nicardipine hydrochloride.
Cardene sr
Cardene sr is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): nicardipine hydrochloride.
Cardex Clinic Jail Road
The Cardex Clinic Jail Road is a hospital in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Cardiac
Pertaining to the heart.
Cardiac aneurysm
An outpouching of an abnormally thin portion of the heart wall. Cardiac aneurysms tend to involve the left ventricle because the blood there is under greatest pressure.
Cardiac arrest
The stopping of heartbeat.
Cardiac Arrest
When the heart stops beating suddenly and respiration (breathing) and other body functions stop as a result.
Cardiac arrhythmia
Irregular or abnormally slow or rapid beating of the heart.
Cardiac Auscultation
The use of a stethoscope to listen to the sounds the heart makes as it contracts and relaxes. Cardiac auscultation can be used to evaluate the heart rate, rhythm, and flow through the valves.
Cardiac catheterisation
A procedure in which a catheter (tube) is inserted into an arm or leg vein, through which it travels to the heart.˙ A dye is injected through the catheter and can be seen clearly by X-ray.˙ In this way, doctors can observe the inside of the arteries of the heart and check for abnormalities, especially narrowings or blockages.
Cardiac catheterization
A diagnostic procedure in which a tiny, hollow tube (catheter) is inserted into an artery to go to the heart in order to image the heart and blood vessels.
Cardiac Catheterization
An invasive imaging procedure that involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel in the arm or leg, and guiding it to your heart with the aid of a special x-ray machine. Contrast dye is injected through the catheter so that x-ray movies of your valves, coronary arteries and heart chambers are taken. Cardiac catheterization is also called coronary angiography.
Cardiac conduction system
The electrical conduction system that controls the heart rate. This system generates electrical impulses and conducts them throughout the muscle of the heart, stimulating the heart to contract and pump blood.
Cardiac defibrillator, implantable
A device put within the body that is designed to recognize certain types of abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) and correct them.
Cardiac muscle
A type of muscle with unique features only found in the heart. The cardiac muscle is the muscle of the heart and medically is called the myocardium ("myo-" being the prefix renoting muscle).
Cardiac myocyte
A heart muscle cell. Sometimes called a myocyte when it is understood that it is in the heart.
Cardiac myxoma
A benign tumor of the heart and the most common type of heart tumor in adults. Cardiac myxomas can appear in an isolated case or in families, sometimes as part of an hereditary syndrome called the Carney complex. Some families have the Carney complex variant as well as the trismus–pseudocamptodactyly syndrome (Hecht syndrome). A mutation in the perinatal myosin heavy chain causes this Carney complex variant, suggesting that mutated contractile proteins play a role in the development of cardiac myxomas.
Cardiac output
The amount of blood that goes through the circulatory system in one minute.
Cardiac Output
The amount of blood pumped by the heart each minute.
Cardiac rehabilitation
A structured program of education and activity guided toward lifestyle modification, increasing functional capabilities and peer support.
Cardiac septum
The septum of the heart is the dividing wall between the right and left sides of the heart.
Cardiac tamponade
A life-threatening situation in which there is such a large amount of fluid (usually blood) inside the pericardial sac around the heart that it interferes with the performance of the heart. The end result, if untreated, is low blood pressure, shock and death. The excess fluid in the pericardial sac acts to compress and constrict the heart. The word "tamponade" is direct from the French. The French verb "tamponner" means to plug up and, also, to smash into. Here the outpouring of fluid within the pericardial sac is, so to speak, smashing into the heart. Cardiac tamponade can be due to excessive pericardial fluid, a wound to the heart, or rupture of the heart. Also called pericardial tamponade.
Cardiac ventricle
One of the two lower chambers of the heart.
Cardinoma
Cardinoma refers to a malignant tumor of epithelial origin.
Cardiogen-82
Cardiogen-82 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): rubidium chloride rb-82.
Cardiografin
Cardiografin is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): diatrizoate meglumine.
Cardiolite
Cardiolite is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): technetium tc-99m sestamibi kit.
Cardiologist
A doctor who sees and takes care of people with heart disease; a heart specialist.
Cardiology
The clinical study and practice of treating the heart.
Cardiomegaly
Enlargement of the heart.
Cardiomyopathy
A disease of the heart muscle that causes it to lose its pumping strength.
Cardiopathy
Heart disease. A nonspecific term applicable to any and all diseases of the heart.
Cardioplegia
Paralysis of the heart, as may be done electively in stopping the heart during cardiac surgery. Cardioplegia may be done using chemicals, cold (cryocardioplegia) or electrical stimulation.
Cardioplegic in plastic container
Cardioplegic in plastic container is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): calcium chloride; magnesium chloride; potassium chloride; sodium chloride.
Cardiopulmonary
Having to do with both the heart and lungs.
Cardiopulmonary bypass
Bypass of the heart and lungs as, for example, in open heart surgery. Blood returning to the heart is diverted through a heart-lung machine (a pump-oxygenator) before returning it to the arterial circulation. The machine does the work both of the heart (pump blood) and the lungs (supply oxygen to red blood cells).
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
The emergency substitution of heart and lung action to restore life to someone who appears dead. The two main components of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are chest compression to make the heart pump and mouth-to-mouth ventilation to breath for the victim.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
CPR is a technique designed to temporarily circulate oxygenated blood through the body of a person whose heart has stopped. It involves assessing the airway; if necessary breathing for the person; determining if the person is pulseless; and if necessary, applying pressure to the chest to circulate blood.
Cardioquin
Cardioquin is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): quinidine polygalacturonate.
Cardiotec
Cardiotec is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): technetium tc-99m teboroxime kit.
Cardiothoracic
Of or relating to the heart and the chest.
Cardiovascular
Of, relating to, or involving the heart and the blood vessels.
Cardiovascular disease
Disease affecting the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular diseases include arteriosclerosis, coronary artery disease, heart valve disease, arrhythmia, heart failure, hypertension, orthostatic hypotension, shock, endocarditis, diseases of the aorta and its branches, disorders of the peripheral vascular system, and congenital heart disease.
Cardiovascular syncope
Sudden collapse into unconsciousness due to a disorder of heart rhythm in which there is a slow or absent pulse resulting in syncope (fainting) with or without convulsions.
Cardiovascular system
The circulatory system which comprises the heart and blood vessels. The system carries nutrients and oxygen to the tissues of the body and removes carbon dioxide and other wastes from them. The cardiovascular system is a closed tubular system in which the blood is propelled by the heart. The system has two circuits, the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit. Each circuit has arterial, capillary, and venous components.
Cardioversion
The procedure of applying electrical shock to the chest to change an abnormal heartbeat into a normal one.
Cardioverter
Although cardioversion (the conversion of one cardiac rhythm to another) may sometimes be done with medications, a cardioverter is now synonymous with a defibrillator.
Carditis
Inflammation of the heart.
Cardizem
Cardizem is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): diltiazem hydrochloride.
Cardizem cd
Cardizem cd is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): diltiazem hydrochloride.
Cardizem la
Cardizem la is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): diltiazem hydrochloride.
Cardizem sr
Cardizem sr is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): diltiazem hydrochloride.
Cardrase
Cardrase is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): ethoxzolamide.
Cardura
Cardura is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): doxazosin mesylate.
Cardura xl
Cardura xl is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): doxazosin mesylate.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Concussion
Any alteration in cerebral function caused by direct or indirect (rotation) force transmitted to the head resulting in one or more of the following: a brief loss of consciousness, lightheadedness, vertigo, cognitive and memory dysfunction, tinnitus, difficulty concentrating, amnesia, headache, balance disorder, nausea or vomiting.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the digestive tract and it can involve any part of it - from the mouth to the anus.It typically affects the terminal ileum as well as demarcated areas of large bowel with relatively normal bowel. It is often associated with auto-immune disorders outside the bowel, such as aphthous stomatitis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Cystic fibrosis
A disease that most commonly affects the lungs and digestive system, especially the pancreas. It causes the exocrine glands, which produce mucus and sweat, to produce abnormal secretions. CF causes the cells in the lung tissue to produce an abnormal amount of thick, sticky mucus that clogs the airways of the lungs, resulting in pulmonary obstructions and life-threatening bacterial infections.
Colitis
Inflammation of the large intestine (colon), especially of its mucous membranes. Spastic colitis is commonly "nervous," or psychosomatic, in origin and is usually a temporary upset rather than a chronic inflammation; this disorder may account for 50 percent of all digestive-tract illnesses. Its symptoms are abdominal pain, diarrhea (sometimes alternating with constipation), and erratic frequency of bowel movements. Treatment of this disorder is basically supportive and psychological in approach.
Corticosteroid
Hormones produced by the adrenal gland which are important to almost every function of cells and organs. They are divided into two groups: glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. Glucocorticoids regulate protein, carbohydrate, and fat metabolism. Mineralocorticoids regulate electrolyte balances.
Cardiolipin
Cirrhosis
A disease involving the destruction of liver cells and diminished liver function. Cirrhosis can block blood flow to the liver causing high blood pressure and/or jaundice.
Chiropractic medicine
Chiropractic medicine is a form of treatment that uses manipulative therapy to correct subluxation, which many chiropracters hold are the cause of most disease. Although manipulative therapy has been shown to have some efficacy in treating back pain, headache, and other symptoms of spinal-related conditions, the application of chiropractic medicine as a cure or outside of this specific area is controversial and generally rejected by medical doctors in most countries. Practictioners of chiropractic medicine generally hold themselves out as doctors of chiropratic (D.C.). The use of manipulative therapy by D.C.'s to treat back pain, headache, and other spinal and musculo-skeletal symptoms enjoys wide acceptance by government medical authorities in many nations, where it is covered by many health plans such as Medicare in the United States. Although some medical doctors (M.D.'s) and many doctors of osteopathy (D.O.'s) do perform manipulative therapy, more than 90% of the treatment of back pain by manipulative therapy is performed by D.C.'s. The studies have shown a high level of patient satisfaction with manipulative therapy by persons with back problems.
Chorionic gonadotropin
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a peptide hormone produced in pregnancy, that is made by the embryo soon after conception and later by the trophoblast (part of the placenta). Its role is to prevent the demise of the corpus luteum of the ovary and thereby maintain progesterone production that is critical for a pregnancy in humans. hCG may have additional functions, for instance it is thought that it affects the immune tolerance of the pregnancy.
Cytoskeleton
System of protein filaments in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that gives the cell a polarized shape and the capacity for directed movement. Its most abundant components are actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments.
Cell nucleus
An organelle, found in most eukaryotic cells, which contains most of the cell's genetic material. Nuclei have two primary functions: to control chemical reactions within the cytoplasm and to store information needed for cellular division. Plural: nuclei.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Cell
Fundamental structural unit of all life. The cell consists primarily of an outer plasma membrane, which separates it from the environment; the genetic material (DNA), which encodes heritable information for the maintainance of life; and the cytoplasm, a heterogeneous assemblage of ions, molecules, and fluid.
Membrane
A flexible layer surrounding a cell, organelle (such as the nucleus), or other bodily structure. The movement of molecules across a membrane is strictly regulated in both directions.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Cardene
Cardene is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): nicardipine hydrochloride.
Cardene sr
Cardene sr is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): nicardipine hydrochloride.
Cardex Clinic Jail Road
The Cardex Clinic Jail Road is a hospital in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Cardiac
Pertaining to the heart.
Cardiac aneurysm
An outpouching of an abnormally thin portion of the heart wall. Cardiac aneurysms tend to involve the left ventricle because the blood there is under greatest pressure.
Cardiac arrest
The stopping of heartbeat.
Cardiac Arrest
When the heart stops beating suddenly and respiration (breathing) and other body functions stop as a result.
Cardiac arrhythmia
Irregular or abnormally slow or rapid beating of the heart.
Cardiac Auscultation
The use of a stethoscope to listen to the sounds the heart makes as it contracts and relaxes. Cardiac auscultation can be used to evaluate the heart rate, rhythm, and flow through the valves.
Cardiac catheterisation
A procedure in which a catheter (tube) is inserted into an arm or leg vein, through which it travels to the heart.˙ A dye is injected through the catheter and can be seen clearly by X-ray.˙ In this way, doctors can observe the inside of the arteries of the heart and check for abnormalities, especially narrowings or blockages.
Cardiac catheterization
A diagnostic procedure in which a tiny, hollow tube (catheter) is inserted into an artery to go to the heart in order to image the heart and blood vessels.
Cardiac Catheterization
An invasive imaging procedure that involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel in the arm or leg, and guiding it to your heart with the aid of a special x-ray machine. Contrast dye is injected through the catheter so that x-ray movies of your valves, coronary arteries and heart chambers are taken. Cardiac catheterization is also called coronary angiography.
Cardiac conduction system
The electrical conduction system that controls the heart rate. This system generates electrical impulses and conducts them throughout the muscle of the heart, stimulating the heart to contract and pump blood.
Cardiac defibrillator, implantable
A device put within the body that is designed to recognize certain types of abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) and correct them.
Cardiac muscle
A type of muscle with unique features only found in the heart. The cardiac muscle is the muscle of the heart and medically is called the myocardium ("myo-" being the prefix renoting muscle).
Cardiac myocyte
A heart muscle cell. Sometimes called a myocyte when it is understood that it is in the heart.
Cardiac myxoma
A benign tumor of the heart and the most common type of heart tumor in adults. Cardiac myxomas can appear in an isolated case or in families, sometimes as part of an hereditary syndrome called the Carney complex. Some families have the Carney complex variant as well as the trismus–pseudocamptodactyly syndrome (Hecht syndrome). A mutation in the perinatal myosin heavy chain causes this Carney complex variant, suggesting that mutated contractile proteins play a role in the development of cardiac myxomas.
Cardiac output
The amount of blood that goes through the circulatory system in one minute.
Cardiac Output
The amount of blood pumped by the heart each minute.
Cardiac rehabilitation
A structured program of education and activity guided toward lifestyle modification, increasing functional capabilities and peer support.
Cardiac septum
The septum of the heart is the dividing wall between the right and left sides of the heart.
Cardiac tamponade
A life-threatening situation in which there is such a large amount of fluid (usually blood) inside the pericardial sac around the heart that it interferes with the performance of the heart. The end result, if untreated, is low blood pressure, shock and death. The excess fluid in the pericardial sac acts to compress and constrict the heart. The word "tamponade" is direct from the French. The French verb "tamponner" means to plug up and, also, to smash into. Here the outpouring of fluid within the pericardial sac is, so to speak, smashing into the heart. Cardiac tamponade can be due to excessive pericardial fluid, a wound to the heart, or rupture of the heart. Also called pericardial tamponade.
Cardiac ventricle
One of the two lower chambers of the heart.
Cardinoma
Cardinoma refers to a malignant tumor of epithelial origin.
Cardiogen-82
Cardiogen-82 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): rubidium chloride rb-82.
Cardiografin
Cardiografin is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): diatrizoate meglumine.
Cardiolite
Cardiolite is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): technetium tc-99m sestamibi kit.
Cardiologist
A doctor who sees and takes care of people with heart disease; a heart specialist.
Cardiology
The clinical study and practice of treating the heart.
Cardiomegaly
Enlargement of the heart.
Cardiomyopathy
A disease of the heart muscle that causes it to lose its pumping strength.
Cardiopathy
Heart disease. A nonspecific term applicable to any and all diseases of the heart.
Cardioplegia
Paralysis of the heart, as may be done electively in stopping the heart during cardiac surgery. Cardioplegia may be done using chemicals, cold (cryocardioplegia) or electrical stimulation.
Cardioplegic in plastic container
Cardioplegic in plastic container is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): calcium chloride; magnesium chloride; potassium chloride; sodium chloride.
Cardiopulmonary
Having to do with both the heart and lungs.
Cardiopulmonary bypass
Bypass of the heart and lungs as, for example, in open heart surgery. Blood returning to the heart is diverted through a heart-lung machine (a pump-oxygenator) before returning it to the arterial circulation. The machine does the work both of the heart (pump blood) and the lungs (supply oxygen to red blood cells).
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
The emergency substitution of heart and lung action to restore life to someone who appears dead. The two main components of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are chest compression to make the heart pump and mouth-to-mouth ventilation to breath for the victim.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
CPR is a technique designed to temporarily circulate oxygenated blood through the body of a person whose heart has stopped. It involves assessing the airway; if necessary breathing for the person; determining if the person is pulseless; and if necessary, applying pressure to the chest to circulate blood.
Cardioquin
Cardioquin is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): quinidine polygalacturonate.
Cardiotec
Cardiotec is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): technetium tc-99m teboroxime kit.
Cardiothoracic
Of or relating to the heart and the chest.
Cardiovascular
Of, relating to, or involving the heart and the blood vessels.
Cardiovascular disease
Disease affecting the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular diseases include arteriosclerosis, coronary artery disease, heart valve disease, arrhythmia, heart failure, hypertension, orthostatic hypotension, shock, endocarditis, diseases of the aorta and its branches, disorders of the peripheral vascular system, and congenital heart disease.
Cardiovascular syncope
Sudden collapse into unconsciousness due to a disorder of heart rhythm in which there is a slow or absent pulse resulting in syncope (fainting) with or without convulsions.
Cardiovascular system
The circulatory system which comprises the heart and blood vessels. The system carries nutrients and oxygen to the tissues of the body and removes carbon dioxide and other wastes from them. The cardiovascular system is a closed tubular system in which the blood is propelled by the heart. The system has two circuits, the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit. Each circuit has arterial, capillary, and venous components.
Cardioversion
The procedure of applying electrical shock to the chest to change an abnormal heartbeat into a normal one.
Cardioverter
Although cardioversion (the conversion of one cardiac rhythm to another) may sometimes be done with medications, a cardioverter is now synonymous with a defibrillator.
Carditis
Inflammation of the heart.
Cardizem
Cardizem is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): diltiazem hydrochloride.
Cardizem cd
Cardizem cd is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): diltiazem hydrochloride.
Cardizem la
Cardizem la is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): diltiazem hydrochloride.
Cardizem sr
Cardizem sr is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): diltiazem hydrochloride.
Cardrase
Cardrase is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): ethoxzolamide.
Cardura
Cardura is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): doxazosin mesylate.
Cardura xl
Cardura xl is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): doxazosin mesylate.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Concussion
Any alteration in cerebral function caused by direct or indirect (rotation) force transmitted to the head resulting in one or more of the following: a brief loss of consciousness, lightheadedness, vertigo, cognitive and memory dysfunction, tinnitus, difficulty concentrating, amnesia, headache, balance disorder, nausea or vomiting.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the digestive tract and it can involve any part of it - from the mouth to the anus.It typically affects the terminal ileum as well as demarcated areas of large bowel with relatively normal bowel. It is often associated with auto-immune disorders outside the bowel, such as aphthous stomatitis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Cystic fibrosis
A disease that most commonly affects the lungs and digestive system, especially the pancreas. It causes the exocrine glands, which produce mucus and sweat, to produce abnormal secretions. CF causes the cells in the lung tissue to produce an abnormal amount of thick, sticky mucus that clogs the airways of the lungs, resulting in pulmonary obstructions and life-threatening bacterial infections.
Colitis
Inflammation of the large intestine (colon), especially of its mucous membranes. Spastic colitis is commonly "nervous," or psychosomatic, in origin and is usually a temporary upset rather than a chronic inflammation; this disorder may account for 50 percent of all digestive-tract illnesses. Its symptoms are abdominal pain, diarrhea (sometimes alternating with constipation), and erratic frequency of bowel movements. Treatment of this disorder is basically supportive and psychological in approach.
Corticosteroid
Hormones produced by the adrenal gland which are important to almost every function of cells and organs. They are divided into two groups: glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. Glucocorticoids regulate protein, carbohydrate, and fat metabolism. Mineralocorticoids regulate electrolyte balances.
Cardiolipin
Cirrhosis
A disease involving the destruction of liver cells and diminished liver function. Cirrhosis can block blood flow to the liver causing high blood pressure and/or jaundice.
Chiropractic medicine
Chiropractic medicine is a form of treatment that uses manipulative therapy to correct subluxation, which many chiropracters hold are the cause of most disease. Although manipulative therapy has been shown to have some efficacy in treating back pain, headache, and other symptoms of spinal-related conditions, the application of chiropractic medicine as a cure or outside of this specific area is controversial and generally rejected by medical doctors in most countries. Practictioners of chiropractic medicine generally hold themselves out as doctors of chiropratic (D.C.). The use of manipulative therapy by D.C.'s to treat back pain, headache, and other spinal and musculo-skeletal symptoms enjoys wide acceptance by government medical authorities in many nations, where it is covered by many health plans such as Medicare in the United States. Although some medical doctors (M.D.'s) and many doctors of osteopathy (D.O.'s) do perform manipulative therapy, more than 90% of the treatment of back pain by manipulative therapy is performed by D.C.'s. The studies have shown a high level of patient satisfaction with manipulative therapy by persons with back problems.
Chorionic gonadotropin
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a peptide hormone produced in pregnancy, that is made by the embryo soon after conception and later by the trophoblast (part of the placenta). Its role is to prevent the demise of the corpus luteum of the ovary and thereby maintain progesterone production that is critical for a pregnancy in humans. hCG may have additional functions, for instance it is thought that it affects the immune tolerance of the pregnancy.
Cytoskeleton
System of protein filaments in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that gives the cell a polarized shape and the capacity for directed movement. Its most abundant components are actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments.
Cell nucleus
An organelle, found in most eukaryotic cells, which contains most of the cell's genetic material. Nuclei have two primary functions: to control chemical reactions within the cytoplasm and to store information needed for cellular division. Plural: nuclei.
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This dictionary contains 19186 terms.
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