|
 |
||
 |
| This glossary contains: 19186 medical terms |
 |
Blackwell, Elizabeth
|
|
Blackwell, Elizabeth1821?1910) The first woman to receive a medical degree from an accredited American college. Blackwell was born in Bristol, England. Her father was a nonconformist, liberal, and abolitionist. In 1832 with her family, she immigrated to Cincinnati, Ohio. Blackwell decided to become a doctor in 1844 after a family friend dying with cancer said that she would have suffered less if she had been cared for by a female physician. In 1844, Blackwell visited a family friend who was dying of cancer and who told her how much she had suffered from the humiliation of being treated by male doctors.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Medical
Pertaining to Medicine.
Blackwell
See: Blackwell, Elizabeth.
Father
(1) The male parent. (2) One who originates. For example, "Wilhelm Roentgen is considered the father of radiology." (3) To produce offspring as a male. (4) To provide paternal protection and guidance to children.
Family
1. A group of individuals related by blood or marriage or by a feeling of closeness. 2. A biological classification of related plants or animals that is a division below the order and above the genus. 3. A group of genes related in structure and in function that descended from an ancestral gene. 4. A group of gene products similarly related in structure and function and of shared genetic descent. 5. Parents and their children. The most fundamental social group in humans.
Doctor
1. One whose occupation is to treat diseases, particularly a physician, dentist, or veterinarian with an appropriate license. 2. A teacher (particularly at a college or university), a scholar, or one who holds a postgraduate degree (especially a Ph.D. degree). 3. A shaman.
Cancer
Any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream.
Female
The traditional definition of female was "an individual of the sex that bears young" or "that produces ova or eggs". However, things are not so simple today. Female can be defined by physical appearance, by chromosome constitution (see Female chromosome complement), or by gender identification. Female chromosome complement: The large majority of females have a 46, XX chromosome complement (46 chromosomes including two X chromosomes). A minority of females have other chromosome constitutions such as 45,X (45 chromosomes including only one X chromosome) and 47,XXX (47 chromosomes including three X chromosomes).
Physician
A doctor. An authorized practitioner of medicine.
Humiliation
One of the variable components of sadomasochism.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Black American
See: African American.
Black Death
The Medieval black plague that ravaged Europe and killed a third of its population. It was due to the plague which is caused by a bacterium (Yersinia pestis) transmitted to humans from infected rats by the oriental rat flea.
Black eye
Bruising of the eyelid and/or under- eye area as a result of trauma to the eye. Colloquially called a shiner.
Black hairy tongue
Elongated papillae on the tongue, promoting the growth of microorganisms.
Black henna
A tattoo ink and paste consisting of henna with other ingredients added, sometimes including para-phenylenediamine (PPD). Allergic reactions to PPD include a red rash, contact dermatitis, itching, blisters, open sores, scarring of the skin and other potentially harmful effects. Allergic reactions to PPD may also lead to sensitivity to other products such as hair dye, sun block and some types of black clothing. Also called blue henna.
Black Hills Medical Center
The Black Hills Medical Center is a hospital in Deadwood, South Dakota, United States.
Black lung disease
A chronic occupational lung disease contracted by the prolonged breathing of coal mine dust. The silica and carbon in the coal dust cause black lung disease. About one of every 20 miners studied in the US has X-ray evidence of black lung disease, a form of pneumoconiosis.
Black plague
"In 14th-century Europe, the victims of the ""black plague"" had bleeding below the skin (subcutaneous hemorrhage) which made darkened (""blackened"") their bodies. Black plague can lead to ""black death"" characterized by gangrene of the fingers, toes, and nose. Black plague is caused by a bacterium (Yersinia pestis) which is transmitted to humans from infected rats by the oriental rat flea."
Blackhead
A non-inflammatory acne lesion that is filled with excess oil and dead skin cells. Blackheads are also called “open comedomes” because the surface of the skin remains open.
Blackout
1. Short-term loss of vision and consciousness. 2. In an alcoholic person, loss of memory for a period of time.
Blackrock Clinic
The Blackrock Clinic is a hospital in Dublin Ireland.
Blackwell
See: Blackwell, Elizabeth.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Black eye
Bruising of the eyelid and/or under- eye area as a result of trauma to the eye. Colloquially called a shiner.
Black henna
A tattoo ink and paste consisting of henna with other ingredients added, sometimes including para-phenylenediamine (PPD). Allergic reactions to PPD include a red rash, contact dermatitis, itching, blisters, open sores, scarring of the skin and other potentially harmful effects. Allergic reactions to PPD may also lead to sensitivity to other products such as hair dye, sun block and some types of black clothing. Also called blue henna.
Black lung disease
A chronic occupational lung disease contracted by the prolonged breathing of coal mine dust. The silica and carbon in the coal dust cause black lung disease. About one of every 20 miners studied in the US has X-ray evidence of black lung disease, a form of pneumoconiosis.
Black plague
"In 14th-century Europe, the victims of the ""black plague"" had bleeding below the skin (subcutaneous hemorrhage) which made darkened (""blackened"") their bodies. Black plague can lead to ""black death"" characterized by gangrene of the fingers, toes, and nose. Black plague is caused by a bacterium (Yersinia pestis) which is transmitted to humans from infected rats by the oriental rat flea."
Blackwell
See: Blackwell, Elizabeth.
Blackwell, Elizabeth
Bladder cancer
A common form of cancer that begins in the lining of the bladder as a superficial tumor (carcinoma in situ). The most common warning sign is blood in the urine. If there is enough blood to color the urine it may range from slightly rusty to deep red. Other symptoms may be pain during urination and frequent urination or feeling the need to urinate without results.
Bladder cancer risks
Smoking is a major risk factor. Cigarette smokers develop bladder cancer 2-3 times more often than do nonsmokers. Quitting smoking reduces the risk of bladder cancer, lung cancer, several other types of cancer, and a number of other diseases as well. Workers in some occupations are at higher risk of developing bladder cancer because of exposure to carcinogens (cancer-causing substances) in the workplace. These workers include people in the rubber, chemical, and leather industries, as well as hairstylists, machinists, metal workers, printers, painters, textile workers, and truck drivers.
Bladder catheter, indwelling
"A flexible plastic tube (a catheter) inserted into the bladder that remains (""dwells"") there to provide continuous urinary drainage. "
Bladder infection
Infection of the urinary bladder. Some people are at more risk for bladder and other urinary tract infections (UTIs) than others. Women are at greater risk than men. One woman in five develops a UTI during her lifetime. Not everyone with a UTI has symptoms. Common symptoms include a frequent urge to urinate and a painful, burning when urinating. Underlying conditions that impair the normal urinary flow can lead to more complicated UTIs.
Bladder inflammation
"Inflammation of the urinary bladder. Also called cystitis. Can be due to infection from bacteria that ascend the urethra (the canal from the outside) to the bladder. Symptoms include a frequent need to urinate, often accompanied by a burning sensation. As cystitis progresses, blood may be observed in the urine and the patient may suffer cramps after urination. In young children, attempts to avoid the pain of cystitis can be a cause for daytime wetting (enuresis). Treatment includes avoiding irritants, such as perfumed soaps, near the urethral opening; increased fluid intake; and, for infectious cystitis, antibiotics. Untreated cystitis can lead to scarring and the formation of stones when urine is retained for long periods of time to avoid painful urination. "
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Medical
Pertaining to Medicine.
Blackwell
See: Blackwell, Elizabeth.
Father
(1) The male parent. (2) One who originates. For example, "Wilhelm Roentgen is considered the father of radiology." (3) To produce offspring as a male. (4) To provide paternal protection and guidance to children.
Family
1. A group of individuals related by blood or marriage or by a feeling of closeness. 2. A biological classification of related plants or animals that is a division below the order and above the genus. 3. A group of genes related in structure and in function that descended from an ancestral gene. 4. A group of gene products similarly related in structure and function and of shared genetic descent. 5. Parents and their children. The most fundamental social group in humans.
Doctor
1. One whose occupation is to treat diseases, particularly a physician, dentist, or veterinarian with an appropriate license. 2. A teacher (particularly at a college or university), a scholar, or one who holds a postgraduate degree (especially a Ph.D. degree). 3. A shaman.
Cancer
Any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream.
Female
The traditional definition of female was "an individual of the sex that bears young" or "that produces ova or eggs". However, things are not so simple today. Female can be defined by physical appearance, by chromosome constitution (see Female chromosome complement), or by gender identification. Female chromosome complement: The large majority of females have a 46, XX chromosome complement (46 chromosomes including two X chromosomes). A minority of females have other chromosome constitutions such as 45,X (45 chromosomes including only one X chromosome) and 47,XXX (47 chromosomes including three X chromosomes).
Physician
A doctor. An authorized practitioner of medicine.
Humiliation
One of the variable components of sadomasochism.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Black American
See: African American.
Black Death
The Medieval black plague that ravaged Europe and killed a third of its population. It was due to the plague which is caused by a bacterium (Yersinia pestis) transmitted to humans from infected rats by the oriental rat flea.
Black eye
Bruising of the eyelid and/or under- eye area as a result of trauma to the eye. Colloquially called a shiner.
Black hairy tongue
Elongated papillae on the tongue, promoting the growth of microorganisms.
Black henna
A tattoo ink and paste consisting of henna with other ingredients added, sometimes including para-phenylenediamine (PPD). Allergic reactions to PPD include a red rash, contact dermatitis, itching, blisters, open sores, scarring of the skin and other potentially harmful effects. Allergic reactions to PPD may also lead to sensitivity to other products such as hair dye, sun block and some types of black clothing. Also called blue henna.
Black Hills Medical Center
The Black Hills Medical Center is a hospital in Deadwood, South Dakota, United States.
Black lung disease
A chronic occupational lung disease contracted by the prolonged breathing of coal mine dust. The silica and carbon in the coal dust cause black lung disease. About one of every 20 miners studied in the US has X-ray evidence of black lung disease, a form of pneumoconiosis.
Black plague
"In 14th-century Europe, the victims of the ""black plague"" had bleeding below the skin (subcutaneous hemorrhage) which made darkened (""blackened"") their bodies. Black plague can lead to ""black death"" characterized by gangrene of the fingers, toes, and nose. Black plague is caused by a bacterium (Yersinia pestis) which is transmitted to humans from infected rats by the oriental rat flea."
Blackhead
A non-inflammatory acne lesion that is filled with excess oil and dead skin cells. Blackheads are also called “open comedomes” because the surface of the skin remains open.
Blackout
1. Short-term loss of vision and consciousness. 2. In an alcoholic person, loss of memory for a period of time.
Blackrock Clinic
The Blackrock Clinic is a hospital in Dublin Ireland.
Blackwell
See: Blackwell, Elizabeth.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Black eye
Bruising of the eyelid and/or under- eye area as a result of trauma to the eye. Colloquially called a shiner.
Black henna
A tattoo ink and paste consisting of henna with other ingredients added, sometimes including para-phenylenediamine (PPD). Allergic reactions to PPD include a red rash, contact dermatitis, itching, blisters, open sores, scarring of the skin and other potentially harmful effects. Allergic reactions to PPD may also lead to sensitivity to other products such as hair dye, sun block and some types of black clothing. Also called blue henna.
Black lung disease
A chronic occupational lung disease contracted by the prolonged breathing of coal mine dust. The silica and carbon in the coal dust cause black lung disease. About one of every 20 miners studied in the US has X-ray evidence of black lung disease, a form of pneumoconiosis.
Black plague
"In 14th-century Europe, the victims of the ""black plague"" had bleeding below the skin (subcutaneous hemorrhage) which made darkened (""blackened"") their bodies. Black plague can lead to ""black death"" characterized by gangrene of the fingers, toes, and nose. Black plague is caused by a bacterium (Yersinia pestis) which is transmitted to humans from infected rats by the oriental rat flea."
Blackwell
See: Blackwell, Elizabeth.
Blackwell, Elizabeth
Bladder cancer
A common form of cancer that begins in the lining of the bladder as a superficial tumor (carcinoma in situ). The most common warning sign is blood in the urine. If there is enough blood to color the urine it may range from slightly rusty to deep red. Other symptoms may be pain during urination and frequent urination or feeling the need to urinate without results.
Bladder cancer risks
Smoking is a major risk factor. Cigarette smokers develop bladder cancer 2-3 times more often than do nonsmokers. Quitting smoking reduces the risk of bladder cancer, lung cancer, several other types of cancer, and a number of other diseases as well. Workers in some occupations are at higher risk of developing bladder cancer because of exposure to carcinogens (cancer-causing substances) in the workplace. These workers include people in the rubber, chemical, and leather industries, as well as hairstylists, machinists, metal workers, printers, painters, textile workers, and truck drivers.
Bladder catheter, indwelling
"A flexible plastic tube (a catheter) inserted into the bladder that remains (""dwells"") there to provide continuous urinary drainage. "
Bladder infection
Infection of the urinary bladder. Some people are at more risk for bladder and other urinary tract infections (UTIs) than others. Women are at greater risk than men. One woman in five develops a UTI during her lifetime. Not everyone with a UTI has symptoms. Common symptoms include a frequent urge to urinate and a painful, burning when urinating. Underlying conditions that impair the normal urinary flow can lead to more complicated UTIs.
Bladder inflammation
"Inflammation of the urinary bladder. Also called cystitis. Can be due to infection from bacteria that ascend the urethra (the canal from the outside) to the bladder. Symptoms include a frequent need to urinate, often accompanied by a burning sensation. As cystitis progresses, blood may be observed in the urine and the patient may suffer cramps after urination. In young children, attempts to avoid the pain of cystitis can be a cause for daytime wetting (enuresis). Treatment includes avoiding irritants, such as perfumed soaps, near the urethral opening; increased fluid intake; and, for infectious cystitis, antibiotics. Untreated cystitis can lead to scarring and the formation of stones when urine is retained for long periods of time to avoid painful urination. "
We thank you for using the Medical Glossary to search for Blackwell, Elizabeth. If you have a better definition for Blackwell, Elizabeth than the one presented here, please let us know by making use of the suggest a term option. This definition of Blackwell, Elizabeth may be disputed by other professionals. Our attempt is to provide easy definitions on Blackwell, Elizabeth and any other medical topic for the public at large.
This dictionary contains 19186 terms.
|
|