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Ames test
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Ames testA test developed in 1974 by Bruce N. Ames for identifying possible carcinogens by studying their mutagenic effect on bacteria. The Ames test is widely used test to detect possible chemical carcinogens. It is based on mutagenicity in Salmonella bacteria.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Bacteria
Single-celled microorganisms which can exist either as independent (free-living) organisms or as parasites (dependent upon another organism for life).
Salmonella
A bacterium that may cause intestinal infection and diarrhea. See also gastroenteritis.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Ames, Bruce N.
American biochemist and geneticist (1928-) who developed the Ames test for chemical mutagens.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Amebic dysentery
"Dysentery (inflammation of the intestine) with ulcers in the colon due to infection with an ameba (Entamoeba histolytica). This single-celled parasite is transmitted to humans via contaminated water and food. Amebic dysentery can be accompanied by amebic infection of the liver and other organs. ""Ameba"" is from the Greek ""amoibe"" meaning ""change"" because amebae constantly change shape. ""Dysentery"" is composed of the Greek ""dys-"" meaning ""abnormal or painful"" + ""enteron"" meaning ""intestine"" = abnormal or painful intestine. "
Amelanotic melanoma
See: Melanoma, amelanotic.
Amenia
"Better known as amenorrhea, amenia is the absence or cessation of menstruation. Amenorrhea is conventionally divided into primary and secondary amenorrhea. With primary amenorrhea, menstruation never takes place. It fails to occur at puberty. With secondary amenorrhea, menstruation starts but then stops. The absence of menstruation during pregnancy is a form of physiologic amenorrhea, physiologic in the sense that it is completely normal and is not caused by anything pathologic. Amenorrhea during lactation is another type of physiologic amenorrhea. The word ""amenorrhea"" is compounded from three Greek roots ""a-"", no + ""men"", month + ""rhoia"", flow = no monthly flow."
American dog tick
The tick most commonly responsible for transmitting R. rickettsii, the agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever. This tick is widely distributed east of the Rocky Mountains and also occurs in limited areas on the Pacific Coast. Dogs and medium-sized mammals are the preferred hosts of this tick, although it feeds readily on other large mammals, including humans. The scientific name for the American dog tick is Dermacentor variabilis.
Americium
Symbol: Am. A man-made metallic element whose isotopes Am-237 through Am-246 are all radioactive. Americium must be handled with great care to avoid personal contamination. Trace quantities of americium are widely used in smoke detectors. It is also used in bone mineral analysis and as a radiation source for radiotherapy. Americium was discovered in 1944 at the wartime metallurgical laboratory at the University of Chicago as the result of successive neutron capture reactions by plutonium isotopes in a nuclear reactor.
Ames test
Ames, Bruce N.
American biochemist and geneticist (1928-) who developed the Ames test for chemical mutagens.
Amine
"A chemical compound containing nitrogen. Amines are derived from ammonia. (The name ""amine"" was derived from the word ""ammonia."")"
Amini
Amini, Fariborz.
Amino acid symbols
"Symbols that stand for the amino acids, the building blocks of protein. Each amino acid has both a three-letter symbol and a single-letter symbol. For example, the three-letter and single-letter symbols for alanine are Ala and A. The three-letter symbols (such as Ala) are much more widely used than the single letter ones (such as A). Therefore, the following list is limited to the three-letter symbols and is further limited to those 20 alpha-amino acids specified by the genetic code:
Amino acid, branched-chain
One of the amino acids that has a branch chain, namely, Leucine, isoleucine, and valine.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Bacteria
Single-celled microorganisms which can exist either as independent (free-living) organisms or as parasites (dependent upon another organism for life).
Salmonella
A bacterium that may cause intestinal infection and diarrhea. See also gastroenteritis.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Ames, Bruce N.
American biochemist and geneticist (1928-) who developed the Ames test for chemical mutagens.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Amebic dysentery
"Dysentery (inflammation of the intestine) with ulcers in the colon due to infection with an ameba (Entamoeba histolytica). This single-celled parasite is transmitted to humans via contaminated water and food. Amebic dysentery can be accompanied by amebic infection of the liver and other organs. ""Ameba"" is from the Greek ""amoibe"" meaning ""change"" because amebae constantly change shape. ""Dysentery"" is composed of the Greek ""dys-"" meaning ""abnormal or painful"" + ""enteron"" meaning ""intestine"" = abnormal or painful intestine. "
Amelanotic melanoma
See: Melanoma, amelanotic.
Amenia
"Better known as amenorrhea, amenia is the absence or cessation of menstruation. Amenorrhea is conventionally divided into primary and secondary amenorrhea. With primary amenorrhea, menstruation never takes place. It fails to occur at puberty. With secondary amenorrhea, menstruation starts but then stops. The absence of menstruation during pregnancy is a form of physiologic amenorrhea, physiologic in the sense that it is completely normal and is not caused by anything pathologic. Amenorrhea during lactation is another type of physiologic amenorrhea. The word ""amenorrhea"" is compounded from three Greek roots ""a-"", no + ""men"", month + ""rhoia"", flow = no monthly flow."
American dog tick
The tick most commonly responsible for transmitting R. rickettsii, the agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever. This tick is widely distributed east of the Rocky Mountains and also occurs in limited areas on the Pacific Coast. Dogs and medium-sized mammals are the preferred hosts of this tick, although it feeds readily on other large mammals, including humans. The scientific name for the American dog tick is Dermacentor variabilis.
Americium
Symbol: Am. A man-made metallic element whose isotopes Am-237 through Am-246 are all radioactive. Americium must be handled with great care to avoid personal contamination. Trace quantities of americium are widely used in smoke detectors. It is also used in bone mineral analysis and as a radiation source for radiotherapy. Americium was discovered in 1944 at the wartime metallurgical laboratory at the University of Chicago as the result of successive neutron capture reactions by plutonium isotopes in a nuclear reactor.
Ames test
Ames, Bruce N.
American biochemist and geneticist (1928-) who developed the Ames test for chemical mutagens.
Amine
"A chemical compound containing nitrogen. Amines are derived from ammonia. (The name ""amine"" was derived from the word ""ammonia."")"
Amini
Amini, Fariborz.
Amino acid symbols
"Symbols that stand for the amino acids, the building blocks of protein. Each amino acid has both a three-letter symbol and a single-letter symbol. For example, the three-letter and single-letter symbols for alanine are Ala and A. The three-letter symbols (such as Ala) are much more widely used than the single letter ones (such as A). Therefore, the following list is limited to the three-letter symbols and is further limited to those 20 alpha-amino acids specified by the genetic code:
Amino acid, branched-chain
One of the amino acids that has a branch chain, namely, Leucine, isoleucine, and valine.
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This dictionary contains 19186 terms.
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