Medical Glossary

This glossary contains:
19186
medical terms

Alternative hypothesis.



Alternative hypothesis.

The opposite of a null hypothesis. See null hypothesis, research hypothesis.



SIMILAR TERMS
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Alteplase
Generic name of a tissue plasminogen activator produced by recombinant DNA technology. The brand name is Activase. See: Tissue plasminogen activator.

Alternate hemiplegia
See: Alternating hemiplegia of childhood.

Alternate pathway
The mechanism of complement activation that does not involve activation of the C1, C4, C2 pathway by antigen-antibody complexes, and begins with the activation of C3.

Alternate Site Testing
Using parts of the body other than the finger tips to obtain blood for blood glucose testing.

Alternating hemiplegia of childhood
A rare neurological disorder with frequent temporary episodes of paralysis of one side of the body (hemiplegia) usually beginning before the age of 18 months. The eye movements, face, or limbs can be paralysed on either side of the body, but on only one side at a time. The cause is unknown. Abbreviated AHC. Also known as alternating hemiplegia syndrome. One form of AHC has a favorable outlook. It occurs primarily at night, when a child awakens, and is apparently related to migraine. These children have no other mental or neurological impairments. Another form of AHC is more serious and may include mental impairment, balance and gait difficulties, excessive sweating, changes in body temperature, and seizures. Treatment with flunarizine , a calcium channel blocker, may help to reduce the severity and duration of attacks of paralysis.

Alternating hemiplegia syndrome
See: Alternating hemiplegia of childhood.

Alternative medical system
A system of alternative medicine built upon a complete system of theory and practice. Often, such systems have evolved apart from and earlier than the conventional medical approach used in the US or Europe. Alternative medical systems may have evolved in Western or non-Western cultures. Examples of alternative medical systems that have developed in Western cultures include homeopathic medicine and naturopathic medicine. Examples of systems that have developed in non-Western cultures include traditional Chinese medicine and Ayurveda.

Alternative Medicine
A broad category of treatment systems (eg chiropractic, herbal medicine, acupuncture, homeopathy, naturopathy, and spiritual devotions) or culturally based healing traditions such as Chinese, Ayurvedic, and Christian Science. Alternative medicines share the common characteristic of nonacceptance by the biomedical (ie mainstream Western) establishment. Alternative medicine is also referred to as "complementary medicine." The designation "alternative medicine" is not equivalent to holistic medicine, a narrower term

Alternative pathway
The mechanism of complement activation that does not involve activation of the C1, C4, C2 pathway by antigen-antibody complexes, and begins with the activation of C3.

Alternative splicing
A mechanism by which different forms of mature mRNAs (messengers RNAs) are generated from the same gene. Alternative splicing is a regulatory mechanism by which variations in the incorporation of the exons, or coding regions, into mRNA leads to the production of more than one related protein, or isoform.



PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS
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Activities of daily living (ADL)
The basic elements of personal care such as eating, washing and showering, grooming, walking, standing up from a chair and using the toilet. Instrumental ADL (IADLs) activities extend to non-personal care items

Admission criteria
Basis for selecting from the target population for a clinical trial. Subjects must be screened to ensure that their characteristics match a list of inclusion criteria and that none of their characteristics match any single one of the exclusion criteria set up for the study

Adverse event (AE)
Any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical investigation subject administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment. An adverse event (AE) can therefore be any unfavourable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal (investigational) product, whether or not related to the medicinal (investigational) product. See also serious adverse event.

Algorithm
"Step-by-step procedure for solving a mathematical problem; also used to describe step-by-step procedures for making a series of choices among alternative decisions to reach an outcome."

Alpha error
(statistics) See Type 1 error.

Alternative hypothesis.

Atrial fibrillation
Rapid, irregular contractions of the heart muscle fibres.

Audit (of a clinical trial)
A systematic and independent examination of trial-related activities and documents to determine whether the evaluated trial-related activities were conducted, and the data were recorded, analysed and accurately reported according to the protocol, standard operating procedures (SOPs), good clinical practice (GCP), and the applicable regulatory requirements.

Audit certificate
Document that certifies that an audit has taken place at a site undertaking clinical research.

Audit trial
Documentation that allows reconstruction of the course of events.

Abuse, child
Child abuse is a very complex and dangerous set of problems that include child neglect and the physical, emotional, and sexual abuse of children.

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This dictionary contains 19186 terms.


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