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| This glossary contains: 19186 medical terms |
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Aldose reductase inhibitor
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Aldose reductase inhibitorA class of drugs used to prevent eye and nerve damage in diabetes. Aldose reductase is an enzyme that is normally present in the eye and in many other parts of the body. It helps change glucose into a sugar alcohol called sorbitol. Too much sorbitol trapped in eye and nerve cells can damage these cells, leading to retinopathy (retinal disease) and neuropathy (nerve disease). Drugs that prevent or slow the action of aldose reductase may represent a means to prevent or delay these complications of diabetes.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Nerve
Tissue that conveys sensation, temperature, position information to the brain.
Diabetes
A condition in which blood glucose is not well controlled. Type I diabetics make no insulin, whereas type 2 diabetics are characterized by the overproduction of insulin, but the inability of the target cells to respond to the insulin.
Enzyme
A cellular protein whose shape allows it to hold together several other molecules in close proximity to each other. In this way, enzymes are able to induce chemical reactions in other substances with little expenditure of energy and without being changed themselves. Basically, an enzyme acts as a catalyst.
Glucose
The only simple carbohydrate that circulates in the bloodstream. Glucose is the primary fuel used by the brain. It can also be stored in the liver and muscles in a polymer form known as glycogen.
Sugar
A class of carbohydrates that taste sweet. Sugar is a quick and easy fuel for the body to use. Types of sugar are lactose, glucose, fructose, and sucrose.
Alcohol
An organic chemical in which one or more hydroxyl (OH) groups are attached to carbon (C) atoms in place of hydrogen (H) atoms. Common alcohols include ethyl alcohol or ethanol (found in alcoholic beverages), methyl alcohol or methanol (can cause blindness) and propyl alcohol or propanol (used as a solvent and antiseptic). Rubbing alcohol is a mixture of acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and ethyl alcohol. In everyday talk, alcohol usually refers to ethanol as, for example, in wine, beer, and liquor. It can cause changes in behavior and be addictive.
Retinopathy
Degeneration of the retina.
Neuropathy
A disease of the nervous system. The three major forms in people with diabetes are peripheral neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, and mononeuropathy. The most common form is peripheral neuropathy, which affects mainly the legs and feet.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Aldoclor-150
Aldoclor-150 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): chlorothiazide; methyldopa .
Aldoclor-250
Aldoclor-250 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): chlorothiazide; methyldopa .
Aldomet
Aldomet is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): methyldopa .
Aldoril 15
Aldoril 15 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): hydrochlorothiazide; methyldopa .
Aldoril 25
Aldoril 25 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): hydrochlorothiazide; methyldopa .
Aldoril d30
Aldoril d30 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): hydrochlorothiazide; methyldopa .
Aldoril d50
Aldoril d50 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): hydrochlorothiazide; methyldopa .
Aldose Reductase
An enzyme that is normally present in the eye and in many other parts of the body. It changes glucose (sugar) into a sugar alcohol called sorbitol. Too much sorbitol trapped in eye and nerve cells seems to damage these cells, and may be part of the cause of diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy. There are medications that interfere with aldose reductase.
Aldosterone
A hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex which affects blood pressure and saline balance.
Aldosteronism
A condition resulting when the adrenal glands produce too much of the hormone aldosterone, which regulates fluids and salt in the body.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Alcohol
An organic chemical in which one or more hydroxyl (OH) groups are attached to carbon (C) atoms in place of hydrogen (H) atoms. Common alcohols include ethyl alcohol or ethanol (found in alcoholic beverages), methyl alcohol or methanol (can cause blindness) and propyl alcohol or propanol (used as a solvent and antiseptic). Rubbing alcohol is a mixture of acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and ethyl alcohol. In everyday talk, alcohol usually refers to ethanol as, for example, in wine, beer, and liquor. It can cause changes in behavior and be addictive.
Alcohol abuse
"Use of alcoholic beverages to excess, either on individual occasions (""binge drinking"") or as a regular practice. For some individuals-children or pregnant women, for example-almost any amount of alcohol use may be legally considered ""alcohol abuse,"" depending on local laws. Heavy alcohol abuse can cause physical damage and death."
Alcohol poisoning
condition in which a toxic amount of alcohol (ethanol, ethyl alcohol) has been drunk, usually in a short period of time. The toxicity is related to the blood level of the alcohol. The individual may become extremely disoriented, unresponsive or unconscious, with shallow breathing. Because alcohol poisoning can be fatal, emergency treatment is urgently needed.
Alcohol, pregnancy
The consumption of alcohol during pregnancy carries the danger of damaging the fetus.
Alcoholics Anonymous
A free, self-help organization founded to assist people addicted to alcohol in breaking old behavior patterns and gaining support for living a sober lifestyle.
Aldose reductase inhibitor
Aldrec
Trade name of the insecticide aldrin. See: Aldrin and dieldrin.
Aldrin
See: Aldrin and dieldrin.
Aldrin and dieldrin
The common names of two structurally similar compounds that were once used as insecticides. They are chemicals that are made in the laboratory and do not occur naturally in the environment.
Aleut health
See: Artic health.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Nerve
Tissue that conveys sensation, temperature, position information to the brain.
Diabetes
A condition in which blood glucose is not well controlled. Type I diabetics make no insulin, whereas type 2 diabetics are characterized by the overproduction of insulin, but the inability of the target cells to respond to the insulin.
Enzyme
A cellular protein whose shape allows it to hold together several other molecules in close proximity to each other. In this way, enzymes are able to induce chemical reactions in other substances with little expenditure of energy and without being changed themselves. Basically, an enzyme acts as a catalyst.
Glucose
The only simple carbohydrate that circulates in the bloodstream. Glucose is the primary fuel used by the brain. It can also be stored in the liver and muscles in a polymer form known as glycogen.
Sugar
A class of carbohydrates that taste sweet. Sugar is a quick and easy fuel for the body to use. Types of sugar are lactose, glucose, fructose, and sucrose.
Alcohol
An organic chemical in which one or more hydroxyl (OH) groups are attached to carbon (C) atoms in place of hydrogen (H) atoms. Common alcohols include ethyl alcohol or ethanol (found in alcoholic beverages), methyl alcohol or methanol (can cause blindness) and propyl alcohol or propanol (used as a solvent and antiseptic). Rubbing alcohol is a mixture of acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and ethyl alcohol. In everyday talk, alcohol usually refers to ethanol as, for example, in wine, beer, and liquor. It can cause changes in behavior and be addictive.
Retinopathy
Degeneration of the retina.
Neuropathy
A disease of the nervous system. The three major forms in people with diabetes are peripheral neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, and mononeuropathy. The most common form is peripheral neuropathy, which affects mainly the legs and feet.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Aldoclor-150
Aldoclor-150 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): chlorothiazide; methyldopa .
Aldoclor-250
Aldoclor-250 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): chlorothiazide; methyldopa .
Aldomet
Aldomet is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): methyldopa .
Aldoril 15
Aldoril 15 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): hydrochlorothiazide; methyldopa .
Aldoril 25
Aldoril 25 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): hydrochlorothiazide; methyldopa .
Aldoril d30
Aldoril d30 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): hydrochlorothiazide; methyldopa .
Aldoril d50
Aldoril d50 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): hydrochlorothiazide; methyldopa .
Aldose Reductase
An enzyme that is normally present in the eye and in many other parts of the body. It changes glucose (sugar) into a sugar alcohol called sorbitol. Too much sorbitol trapped in eye and nerve cells seems to damage these cells, and may be part of the cause of diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy. There are medications that interfere with aldose reductase.
Aldosterone
A hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex which affects blood pressure and saline balance.
Aldosteronism
A condition resulting when the adrenal glands produce too much of the hormone aldosterone, which regulates fluids and salt in the body.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Alcohol
An organic chemical in which one or more hydroxyl (OH) groups are attached to carbon (C) atoms in place of hydrogen (H) atoms. Common alcohols include ethyl alcohol or ethanol (found in alcoholic beverages), methyl alcohol or methanol (can cause blindness) and propyl alcohol or propanol (used as a solvent and antiseptic). Rubbing alcohol is a mixture of acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and ethyl alcohol. In everyday talk, alcohol usually refers to ethanol as, for example, in wine, beer, and liquor. It can cause changes in behavior and be addictive.
Alcohol abuse
"Use of alcoholic beverages to excess, either on individual occasions (""binge drinking"") or as a regular practice. For some individuals-children or pregnant women, for example-almost any amount of alcohol use may be legally considered ""alcohol abuse,"" depending on local laws. Heavy alcohol abuse can cause physical damage and death."
Alcohol poisoning
condition in which a toxic amount of alcohol (ethanol, ethyl alcohol) has been drunk, usually in a short period of time. The toxicity is related to the blood level of the alcohol. The individual may become extremely disoriented, unresponsive or unconscious, with shallow breathing. Because alcohol poisoning can be fatal, emergency treatment is urgently needed.
Alcohol, pregnancy
The consumption of alcohol during pregnancy carries the danger of damaging the fetus.
Alcoholics Anonymous
A free, self-help organization founded to assist people addicted to alcohol in breaking old behavior patterns and gaining support for living a sober lifestyle.
Aldose reductase inhibitor
Aldrec
Trade name of the insecticide aldrin. See: Aldrin and dieldrin.
Aldrin
See: Aldrin and dieldrin.
Aldrin and dieldrin
The common names of two structurally similar compounds that were once used as insecticides. They are chemicals that are made in the laboratory and do not occur naturally in the environment.
Aleut health
See: Artic health.
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This dictionary contains 19186 terms.
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