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| This glossary contains: 19186 medical terms |
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Acetylcholine
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Acetylcholine The neurotransmitter substance at cholinergic synapses, which causes cardiac inhibition, vasodilation, gastrointestinal peristalsis, and other parasympathetic effects. It is liberated from preganglionic and postganglionic endings of parasympathetic fibers and from preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic as a result of nerve injuries, whereupon it acts as a transmitter on the effector organ; it is hydrolyzed into choline and acetic acid by acetylcholinesterase before a second impulse may be transmitted.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Neurotransmitter
Specialized chemical messenger (eg, acetylcholine, dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin) that sends a message from one nerve cell to another. Most neurotransmitters play different roles throughout the body, many of which are not yet known.
Cholinergic
Relating to nerve cells or fibers that employ acetylcholine as their neurotransmitter.
Cardiac
Pertaining to the heart.
Vasodilation
Causing the widening or opening (dilation) of blood vessels.
Gastrointestinal
Having to do with the stomach and intestines.
Peristalsis
Wavelike contractions that move food through the digestive tract.
Nerve
Tissue that conveys sensation, temperature, position information to the brain.
Organ
A structural unit of an animal or plant that serves a specific function.
Acetylcholinesterase
An enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at the synaptic cleft (the space between two nerve cells) so the next nerve impulse can be transmitted across the synaptic gap. Pesticides of the organophosphate and carbamate types act to paralyze and kill insects by inhibiting their acetylcholinesterase. Abbreviated AChE.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Acetabular
"Pertaining to the acetabulum, the cup-shaped socket of the hip joint which is a key feature of the pelvis. The head (upper end) of the femur (the thighbone) fits into the acetabulum and articulates with it, forming a ball-and-socket joint. The acetabulum is not just cup-shaped. The word ""acetabulum"" in Latin means cup, a vinegar cup."
Acetabular labrum
"A ring of fibrocartilage (fibrous cartilage) that runs around the acetabulum (cup) of the hip joint and increases its depth. The head of the femur (the bone in the thigh) fits in the acetabulum. The labrum deepens this cavity and effectively increases the surface (and strength) of the hip joint. Injuries to the acetabular labrum can occur from chronic trauma due to repetitive hip motion or from acute trauma as, for example, from a direct blow to the hip or a violent motion of the hip. Signs and symptoms of a acetabular labrum injury include pain accompanying hip motion, occasional pain in the hip at night or during daily activities, decreased range of motion and loss of strength in the hip. Treatment may include anti-inflammatory medication and rest. Exercises to strengthen the hip muscles may then be recommended. If these measures are not effective, arthroscopic surgery may be done. In medicine, a labrum is a ring of fibrocartilage around the edge of the articular (joint) surface of a bone. The Latin ""labrum"" means ""lip."" The term is used generally to designate a lip, edge, or brim. Plural, labra."
Acetabulum
"The cup-shaped socket of the hip joint. In fact, in Latin an ""acetabulum"" is cup, a vinegar cup. The acetabulum is a feature of the pelvis. The head (upper end) of the femur (the thighbone) fits into the acetabulum and articulates with it, forming a ball-and-socket joint."
Acetadote
Acetadote is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetylcysteine.
Acetaminophen
An analgesic and antipyretic medication.
Acetaminophen and butalbital and caffeine
Acetaminophen and butalbital and caffeine is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; butalbital; caffeine.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 2
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 2 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 2
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 2 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 3
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 3 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate .
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 3
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 3 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 4
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 4 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 4
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 4 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and hydrocodone bitartrate
Acetaminophen and hydrocodone bitartrate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; hydrocodone bitartrate.
Acetaminophen and pentazocine hcl
Acetaminophen and pentazocine hcl is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; pentazocine hydrochloride.
Acetaminophen and tramadol hcl
Acetaminophen and tramadol hcl is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; tramadol hydrochloride.
Acetaminophen with codeine
Acetaminophen with codeine is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine No. 2
Acetaminophen with codeine No. 2 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine no. 2
Acetaminophen with codeine no. 2 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine no. 3
Acetaminophen with codeine no. 3 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine No. 4
Acetaminophen with codeine No. 4 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine phosphate
Acetaminophen with codeine phosphate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine phosphate No. 3
Acetaminophen with codeine phosphate No. 3 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen, aspirin and caffeine
Acetaminophen, aspirin and caffeine is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; aspirin; caffeine.
Acetaminophen, aspirin, and codeine phosphate
Acetaminophen, aspirin, and codeine phosphate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; aspirin; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen, butalbital and caffeine
Acetaminophen, butalbital and caffeine is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; butalbital; caffeine.
Acetaminophen, butalbital, and caffeine
Acetaminophen, butalbital, and caffeine is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; butalbital; caffeine.
Acetaminophen, butalbital, caffeine, and codeine phosphate
Acetaminophen, butalbital, caffeine, and codeine phosphate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; butalbital; caffeine; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen, caffeine, and dihydrocodeine bitartrate
Acetaminophen, caffeine, and dihydrocodeine bitartrate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; caffeine; dihydrocodeine bitartrate.
Acetasol
Acetasol is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetic acid, glacial.
Acetasol hc
Acetasol hc is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetic acid, glacial; hydrocortisone.
Acetate
A molecular ion derived from acetic acid. The formula of acetate is CH3COO-.
Acetated ringers in plastic container
Acetated ringers in plastic container is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): calcium chloride; potassium chloride; sodium acetate; sodium chloride .
Acetazolamide
Acetazolamide is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetazolamide.
Acetazolamide sodium
Acetazolamide sodium is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetazolamide sodium.
Acetic acid
The acid most commonly associated with vinegar. Acetic acid is a two-carbon carboxylic acid. Its formula is: CH3COOH. It is the most commercially important organic acid and is used in the manufacture of a broad range of chemical products, such as plastics and insecticides.
Acetic acid 0.25 per cent in plastic container
Acetic acid 0.25 per cent in plastic container is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetic acid, glacial.
Acetic acid 2 per cent in aqueous aluminum acetate
Acetic acid 2 per cent in aqueous aluminum acetate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetic acid, glacial; aluminum acetate.
Acetic acid with hydrocortisone
Acetic acid with hydrocortisone is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetic acid, glacial; hydrocortisone.
Acetoacetate
A molecular ion, CH3COCH2COO-, derived from acetoacetic acid.
Acetohexamide
A "first-generation" sulfonylurea pill taken to lower the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood. Only some people with Type 2 diabetes take these pills.
Acetone
"In the body, a chemical that is formed when the body uses fat instead of glucose (sugar) for energy. The formation of acetone means that cells lack insulin or cannot effectively use available insulin to burn glucose for energy. Acetone passes through the body into the urine as one of the so-called ketone bodies. Acetone is highly volatile. The breath of someone with a great deal of acetone in the body smells fruity and is called ""acetone breath."""
Acetyl coenzyme A
An important metabolic intermediate, derived from various pathways, such as glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and degradation of some amino acids. It also represents a key intermediate in lipid biosynthesis. Commonly referred to as acetyl CoA.
Acetyl phosphate
A molecular ion which plays a role in the synthesis of the four-carbon fatty acid, butyric acid. The formula for acetyl phosphate is: CH3COPO42-.
Acetylcholine (ACH, Ach)
The neurotransmitter substance at cholinergic synapses, which causes cardiac inhibition, vasodilation, gastrointestinal peristalsis, and other parasympathetic effects. It is liberated from preganglionic and postganglionic endings of parasympathetic fibers and from preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic as a result of nerve injuries, whereupon it acts as a transmitter on the effector organ; it is hydrolyzed into choline and acetic acid by acetylcholinesterase before a second impulse may be transmitted.
Acetylcholinesterase
An enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at the synaptic cleft (the space between two nerve cells) so the next nerve impulse can be transmitted across the synaptic gap. Pesticides of the organophosphate and carbamate types act to paralyze and kill insects by inhibiting their acetylcholinesterase. Abbreviated AChE.
Acetylcysteine
An antioxidant drug used to reduce the thickness of mucus and ease its removal. It is also used to reverse the toxicity of high doses of acetaminophen. Acetylcysteine with hydration significantly reduces the risk of contrast nephropathy in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. Also called N-acetyl-L-cysteine.
Acetylpheneturide
An anticonvulsant.
Acetysalicylic acid
The active substance in aspirin, a medication developed by Bayer.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Antidepressant
A term typically used to describe medications that are used in the treatment of depression. Such medications are sometimes found useful in the treatment of anxiety and panic disorders, but tend to still be called antidepressants because doctors originally used them to treat depression before realizing the medications could treat anxiety as well. In other words, taking an antidepressant does not necessarily imply that a person is depressed. Medications such as Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors (SRIs) and Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) are often called antidepressants, yet are commonly used to treat anxiety as well.
Abilify
Commercial name for Aripiprazole. It is the sixth of the second generation antipsychotic (or atypical antipsychotic) medications to hit the market. Aripirazole is FDA approved for the treatment of schizophrenia. Additionally, it has recently received FDA approval for the treatment of acute manic and mixed episodes associated with bipolar disorder.
Ankle
A gliding joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the proximal end of the talus.
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), or arginine vasopressin (AVP), is a peptide hormone produced by the hypothalamus, and stored in the posterior part of the pituitary gland. ADH acts on the kidneys, concentrating the urine by promoting the reabsorption of water from the cortical collecting duct.
Acetylcholine
Anaphase
The stage in mitosis or meiosis during which the sister chromatids (mitosis) or homologous chromosomes (meiosis) separate and migrate toward the opposite poles of the cell.
Adrenal cortex
The outer portion of the adrenal gland that secretes hormones that are vital to the body.
Adrenal gland
The pair of adrenal glands are located on top of both kidneys. Adrenal glands work hand-in-hand with the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.
Aldosterone
A hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex which affects blood pressure and saline balance.
Androgen hormone
A hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex which affects the development of male characteristics.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Neurotransmitter
Specialized chemical messenger (eg, acetylcholine, dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin) that sends a message from one nerve cell to another. Most neurotransmitters play different roles throughout the body, many of which are not yet known.
Cholinergic
Relating to nerve cells or fibers that employ acetylcholine as their neurotransmitter.
Cardiac
Pertaining to the heart.
Vasodilation
Causing the widening or opening (dilation) of blood vessels.
Gastrointestinal
Having to do with the stomach and intestines.
Peristalsis
Wavelike contractions that move food through the digestive tract.
Nerve
Tissue that conveys sensation, temperature, position information to the brain.
Organ
A structural unit of an animal or plant that serves a specific function.
Acetylcholinesterase
An enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at the synaptic cleft (the space between two nerve cells) so the next nerve impulse can be transmitted across the synaptic gap. Pesticides of the organophosphate and carbamate types act to paralyze and kill insects by inhibiting their acetylcholinesterase. Abbreviated AChE.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Acetabular
"Pertaining to the acetabulum, the cup-shaped socket of the hip joint which is a key feature of the pelvis. The head (upper end) of the femur (the thighbone) fits into the acetabulum and articulates with it, forming a ball-and-socket joint. The acetabulum is not just cup-shaped. The word ""acetabulum"" in Latin means cup, a vinegar cup."
Acetabular labrum
"A ring of fibrocartilage (fibrous cartilage) that runs around the acetabulum (cup) of the hip joint and increases its depth. The head of the femur (the bone in the thigh) fits in the acetabulum. The labrum deepens this cavity and effectively increases the surface (and strength) of the hip joint. Injuries to the acetabular labrum can occur from chronic trauma due to repetitive hip motion or from acute trauma as, for example, from a direct blow to the hip or a violent motion of the hip. Signs and symptoms of a acetabular labrum injury include pain accompanying hip motion, occasional pain in the hip at night or during daily activities, decreased range of motion and loss of strength in the hip. Treatment may include anti-inflammatory medication and rest. Exercises to strengthen the hip muscles may then be recommended. If these measures are not effective, arthroscopic surgery may be done. In medicine, a labrum is a ring of fibrocartilage around the edge of the articular (joint) surface of a bone. The Latin ""labrum"" means ""lip."" The term is used generally to designate a lip, edge, or brim. Plural, labra."
Acetabulum
"The cup-shaped socket of the hip joint. In fact, in Latin an ""acetabulum"" is cup, a vinegar cup. The acetabulum is a feature of the pelvis. The head (upper end) of the femur (the thighbone) fits into the acetabulum and articulates with it, forming a ball-and-socket joint."
Acetadote
Acetadote is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetylcysteine.
Acetaminophen
An analgesic and antipyretic medication.
Acetaminophen and butalbital and caffeine
Acetaminophen and butalbital and caffeine is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; butalbital; caffeine.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 2
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 2 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 2
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 2 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 3
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 3 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate .
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 3
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 3 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 4
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 4 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 4
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 4 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and hydrocodone bitartrate
Acetaminophen and hydrocodone bitartrate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; hydrocodone bitartrate.
Acetaminophen and pentazocine hcl
Acetaminophen and pentazocine hcl is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; pentazocine hydrochloride.
Acetaminophen and tramadol hcl
Acetaminophen and tramadol hcl is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; tramadol hydrochloride.
Acetaminophen with codeine
Acetaminophen with codeine is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine No. 2
Acetaminophen with codeine No. 2 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine no. 2
Acetaminophen with codeine no. 2 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine no. 3
Acetaminophen with codeine no. 3 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine No. 4
Acetaminophen with codeine No. 4 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine phosphate
Acetaminophen with codeine phosphate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine phosphate No. 3
Acetaminophen with codeine phosphate No. 3 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen, aspirin and caffeine
Acetaminophen, aspirin and caffeine is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; aspirin; caffeine.
Acetaminophen, aspirin, and codeine phosphate
Acetaminophen, aspirin, and codeine phosphate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; aspirin; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen, butalbital and caffeine
Acetaminophen, butalbital and caffeine is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; butalbital; caffeine.
Acetaminophen, butalbital, and caffeine
Acetaminophen, butalbital, and caffeine is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; butalbital; caffeine.
Acetaminophen, butalbital, caffeine, and codeine phosphate
Acetaminophen, butalbital, caffeine, and codeine phosphate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; butalbital; caffeine; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen, caffeine, and dihydrocodeine bitartrate
Acetaminophen, caffeine, and dihydrocodeine bitartrate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; caffeine; dihydrocodeine bitartrate.
Acetasol
Acetasol is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetic acid, glacial.
Acetasol hc
Acetasol hc is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetic acid, glacial; hydrocortisone.
Acetate
A molecular ion derived from acetic acid. The formula of acetate is CH3COO-.
Acetated ringers in plastic container
Acetated ringers in plastic container is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): calcium chloride; potassium chloride; sodium acetate; sodium chloride .
Acetazolamide
Acetazolamide is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetazolamide.
Acetazolamide sodium
Acetazolamide sodium is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetazolamide sodium.
Acetic acid
The acid most commonly associated with vinegar. Acetic acid is a two-carbon carboxylic acid. Its formula is: CH3COOH. It is the most commercially important organic acid and is used in the manufacture of a broad range of chemical products, such as plastics and insecticides.
Acetic acid 0.25 per cent in plastic container
Acetic acid 0.25 per cent in plastic container is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetic acid, glacial.
Acetic acid 2 per cent in aqueous aluminum acetate
Acetic acid 2 per cent in aqueous aluminum acetate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetic acid, glacial; aluminum acetate.
Acetic acid with hydrocortisone
Acetic acid with hydrocortisone is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetic acid, glacial; hydrocortisone.
Acetoacetate
A molecular ion, CH3COCH2COO-, derived from acetoacetic acid.
Acetohexamide
A "first-generation" sulfonylurea pill taken to lower the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood. Only some people with Type 2 diabetes take these pills.
Acetone
"In the body, a chemical that is formed when the body uses fat instead of glucose (sugar) for energy. The formation of acetone means that cells lack insulin or cannot effectively use available insulin to burn glucose for energy. Acetone passes through the body into the urine as one of the so-called ketone bodies. Acetone is highly volatile. The breath of someone with a great deal of acetone in the body smells fruity and is called ""acetone breath."""
Acetyl coenzyme A
An important metabolic intermediate, derived from various pathways, such as glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and degradation of some amino acids. It also represents a key intermediate in lipid biosynthesis. Commonly referred to as acetyl CoA.
Acetyl phosphate
A molecular ion which plays a role in the synthesis of the four-carbon fatty acid, butyric acid. The formula for acetyl phosphate is: CH3COPO42-.
Acetylcholine (ACH, Ach)
The neurotransmitter substance at cholinergic synapses, which causes cardiac inhibition, vasodilation, gastrointestinal peristalsis, and other parasympathetic effects. It is liberated from preganglionic and postganglionic endings of parasympathetic fibers and from preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic as a result of nerve injuries, whereupon it acts as a transmitter on the effector organ; it is hydrolyzed into choline and acetic acid by acetylcholinesterase before a second impulse may be transmitted.
Acetylcholinesterase
An enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at the synaptic cleft (the space between two nerve cells) so the next nerve impulse can be transmitted across the synaptic gap. Pesticides of the organophosphate and carbamate types act to paralyze and kill insects by inhibiting their acetylcholinesterase. Abbreviated AChE.
Acetylcysteine
An antioxidant drug used to reduce the thickness of mucus and ease its removal. It is also used to reverse the toxicity of high doses of acetaminophen. Acetylcysteine with hydration significantly reduces the risk of contrast nephropathy in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. Also called N-acetyl-L-cysteine.
Acetylpheneturide
An anticonvulsant.
Acetysalicylic acid
The active substance in aspirin, a medication developed by Bayer.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Antidepressant
A term typically used to describe medications that are used in the treatment of depression. Such medications are sometimes found useful in the treatment of anxiety and panic disorders, but tend to still be called antidepressants because doctors originally used them to treat depression before realizing the medications could treat anxiety as well. In other words, taking an antidepressant does not necessarily imply that a person is depressed. Medications such as Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors (SRIs) and Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) are often called antidepressants, yet are commonly used to treat anxiety as well.
Abilify
Commercial name for Aripiprazole. It is the sixth of the second generation antipsychotic (or atypical antipsychotic) medications to hit the market. Aripirazole is FDA approved for the treatment of schizophrenia. Additionally, it has recently received FDA approval for the treatment of acute manic and mixed episodes associated with bipolar disorder.
Ankle
A gliding joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the proximal end of the talus.
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), or arginine vasopressin (AVP), is a peptide hormone produced by the hypothalamus, and stored in the posterior part of the pituitary gland. ADH acts on the kidneys, concentrating the urine by promoting the reabsorption of water from the cortical collecting duct.
Acetylcholine
Anaphase
The stage in mitosis or meiosis during which the sister chromatids (mitosis) or homologous chromosomes (meiosis) separate and migrate toward the opposite poles of the cell.
Adrenal cortex
The outer portion of the adrenal gland that secretes hormones that are vital to the body.
Adrenal gland
The pair of adrenal glands are located on top of both kidneys. Adrenal glands work hand-in-hand with the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.
Aldosterone
A hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex which affects blood pressure and saline balance.
Androgen hormone
A hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex which affects the development of male characteristics.
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